Mushkovic BIOLOGY   -   Biological and Biochemical Foundations of Living Systems

Which of the following best describes the role of an enzyme in a biochemical reaction?

Enzymes act as catalysts that speed up biochemical reactions by lowering the activation energy required for the reaction to proceed, without being consumed in the process.
Breezy Thomas BIOLOGY   -   Zoology

Which type of cleavage pattern is characteristic of deuterosomes, such as echinoderms and chordates?

Deuterostomes exhibit indeterminate cleavage, where each blastomere retains the ability to develop into a complete organism, leading to identical twins in some cases.
Breezy Thomas BIOLOGY   -   Zoology

What term describes the evolutionary process by which two species gradually develop adaptations that allow them to coexist and reduce competition for resources?

Coevolution refers to the reciprocal evolutionary changes in interacting species, often leading to specialized adaptations that reduce competition.
Breezy Thomas BIOLOGY   -   Zoology

Which taxonomic rank is placed immediately above family in the hierarchical classification system?

In the hierarchical classification system, order is placed immediately above family and below class.
Breezy Thomas BIOLOGY   -   Zoology

What type of animal behavior is exemplified by the migration of monarch butterflies across North America?

Migration in monarch butterflies is an innate behavior, as it is genetically programmed and does not require learning.
Breezy Thomas BIOLOGY   -   Zoology

Which of the following enzymes is responsible for breaking down proteins into amino acids in the stomach of vertebrates?

Pepsin is the enzyme produced by the stomach that digests proteins into peptides and amino acids.
Breezy Thomas BIOLOGY   -   Botany

What is the primary mode of transmission for the fungal pathogen causing powdery mildew in plants?

Powdery mildew fungi release airborne spores that spread the disease to nearby plants, making it a common mode of transmission in many plant species.
Breezy Thomas BIOLOGY   -   Botany

In which ecological biome would you expect to find plants adapted to periodic flooding and anaerobic soil conditions?

Wetlands, including marshes and swamps, often experience periodic flooding and have anaerobic soil conditions, leading to the adaptation of specific plant species.
Breezy Thomas BIOLOGY   -   Botany

In a dihybrid cross between two pea plants (TtRr x TtRr), what is the probability of obtaining an offspring that is homozygous recessive for both traits?

In a dihybrid cross, the probability of obtaining a homozygous recessive offspring for both traits is 1/4 for each trait, so the combined probability is (1/4) * (1/4) = 1/16.
Breezy Thomas BIOLOGY   -   Botany

Which plant family includes species commonly known as legumes, characterized by their ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen?

Fabaceae, also known as the pea or legume family, includes plants like beans, peas, and lentils, known for their nitrogen-fixing ability and distinctive fruit type.

BIOLOGY