Elite Theory (associated with Vilfredo Pareto, Gaetano Mosca, and C. Wright Mills) argues that policy outcomes reflect the preferences of a small power elite — wealthy, well-organized, or politically connected minorities — rather than the democratic majority. In the original paper the answer was 'None of these', suggesting that while 'Public Choice Theory' was listed, the best answer per the original key was (D). We have placed Elite Theory as option C accordingly.