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Geology QUESTION #10656
Question 1
On a geological map, when topographic contour lines and geological formation contacts are parallel to each other across valleys and ridges, the beds are:
  • Vertical
  • Horizontal✔️
  • Inclined (dipping)
  • Folded
Correct Answer Explanation
When geological contacts run parallel to topographic contours (following the terrain closely, with V-shapes in valleys pointing upstream), the beds are horizontal (zero dip). This is the 'rule of Vs': horizontal beds produce contacts parallel to contours; inclined beds produce V-shapes that point in dip direction; vertical beds produce straight contacts cutting across contours regardless of topography. This rule is fundamental in geological map interpretation.