Sanchi Stupa (Madhya Pradesh):

• Period: Originally built by Emperor Ashoka (Mauryan, 3rd century BCE), elaborated during Shunga period.
• Gateways: Called Torana (ornate stone gateways), four in number — North, South, East, West.
• The gateways depict scenes from the Buddha's life and Jataka tales.
• Vedika = railing/fence. Gopuram = South Indian temple tower. Pishtaq = Mughal arch facade.

This is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and a foundational example of Buddhist architecture.