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Electronics Engineering QUESTION #11735
Question 1
A vector network analyser (VNA) is calibrated with SOLT (Short-Open-Load-Thru) standards. The purpose of calibration is to:
  • Set the power output level of the VNA source
  • Move the reference measurement plane to the DUT connectors and remove systematic errors✔️
  • Align the frequency markers on the display
  • Set the 50 Ω impedance of the output port
Correct Answer Explanation
VNA calibration characterises and mathematically removes systematic errors — directivity, source/load match, and frequency response of cables, adapters, and connectors — shifting the measurement reference plane to the Device Under Test (DUT). Without calibration, measurements include the electrical characteristics of the test setup itself, rendering S-parameter results meaningless.