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Civil Engineering QUESTION #6635
Question 1
For a circular column with spiral reinforcement, the strength reduction factor ($\phi$) is usually higher than for a tied column. Why?
  • Spirals provide better confinement and ductility✔️
  • Spirals use higher grade steel
  • Circular columns are easier to cast
  • Tied columns cannot support eccentric loads
Correct Answer Explanation
Spiral reinforcement provides continuous confinement to the core, allowing the column to undergo larger deformations before failure compared to tied columns.