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Nursing QUESTION #9163
Question 1
In epidemiology, a cohort study is best described as:
  • A study that starts with diseased and non-diseased individuals and looks back at exposure
  • A study that starts with exposed and unexposed groups and follows them forward to observe outcomes✔️
  • A study of a population at a single point in time
  • A study based on existing medical records
Correct Answer Explanation

A Cohort Study (also called a prospective study) is an observational analytical study where:

  • A group of exposed individuals and a group of unexposed individuals are identified
  • Both groups are followed forward in time to compare the incidence of disease
  • It calculates Relative Risk (RR)

Comparison of study designs:

Study TypeDirectionMeasure
CohortForward (prospective)Relative Risk (RR)
Case-ControlBackward (retrospective)Odds Ratio (OR)
Cross-sectionalSingle point in timePrevalence