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Nursing
QUESTION #9292
Question 1
The Somogyi effect in diabetes mellitus refers to:
Correct Answer Explanation
The Somogyi Effect (post-hypoglycemic hyperglycemia):
- Nocturnal hypoglycemia occurs (often unnoticed during sleep)
- Counter-regulatory hormones (glucagon, cortisol, epinephrine, GH) are released
- Causes rebound morning hyperglycemia
Differentiation from Dawn Phenomenon:
| Feature | Somogyi Effect | Dawn Phenomenon |
|---|---|---|
| Cause | Rebound from nocturnal hypoglycemia | Growth hormone/cortisol surge at 3–8 AM |
| 3 AM glucose | Low (<60 mg/dL) | Normal or slightly elevated |
| Morning glucose | High | High |
| Management | Reduce evening insulin dose | Increase evening insulin or change timing |
Checking 3 AM blood glucose helps distinguish these two conditions — important for Charge Nurse assessment.
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