Home MCQs Nursing Question #9292
Back to Questions
Nursing QUESTION #9292
Question 1
The Somogyi effect in diabetes mellitus refers to:
  • Early morning hyperglycemia due to growth hormone release
  • Rebound hyperglycemia following nocturnal hypoglycemia✔️
  • Hypoglycemia occurring after meals
  • Persistent hyperglycemia unresponsive to insulin
Correct Answer Explanation

The Somogyi Effect (post-hypoglycemic hyperglycemia):

  • Nocturnal hypoglycemia occurs (often unnoticed during sleep)
  • Counter-regulatory hormones (glucagon, cortisol, epinephrine, GH) are released
  • Causes rebound morning hyperglycemia

Differentiation from Dawn Phenomenon:

FeatureSomogyi EffectDawn Phenomenon
CauseRebound from nocturnal hypoglycemiaGrowth hormone/cortisol surge at 3–8 AM
3 AM glucoseLow (<60 mg/dL)Normal or slightly elevated
Morning glucoseHighHigh
ManagementReduce evening insulin doseIncrease evening insulin or change timing

Checking 3 AM blood glucose helps distinguish these two conditions — important for Charge Nurse assessment.