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Nursing
QUESTION #9307
Question 1
A patient with acute renal failure (ARF) is in the oliguric phase. The nurse should restrict which of the following dietary elements?
Correct Answer Explanation
In the Oliguric Phase of Acute Renal Failure, the kidneys cannot excrete waste products or maintain fluid/electrolyte balance. Dietary restrictions:
| Restriction | Reason |
|---|---|
| Protein (0.6–1 g/kg/day) | Prevents accumulation of nitrogenous waste (urea, creatinine) |
| Potassium | Prevents life-threatening hyperkalemia |
| Sodium | Prevents fluid retention and hypertension |
| Fluids | Fluid intake = Previous day urine output + 500 mL (insensible losses) |
| Phosphorus | Prevents hyperphosphatemia and renal osteodystrophy |
Carbohydrates and fats are encouraged to provide calories and spare protein catabolism.
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