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Nursing
QUESTION #9312
Question 1
A patient with type 1 diabetes mellitus develops unconsciousness at home. The nurse arriving at the scene suspects hypoglycemia. The safest initial management is:
Correct Answer Explanation
Management of unconscious hypoglycemic patient:
- NEVER give anything orally to an unconscious patient — risk of aspiration
- IV Dextrose 50% (D50W) — 25–50 mL IV push is the immediate treatment for unconscious hypoglycemia
- If IV access unavailable: Glucagon 1 mg IM/SC (stimulates hepatic glycogenolysis)
For conscious patients: oral glucose (15g fast-acting carbohydrates — 4 glucose tablets, 125 mL juice) → Rule of 15:
\\text{Give 15g carbohydrates} \\rightarrow \\text{Wait 15 min} \\rightarrow \\text{Recheck glucose} \\rightarrow \\text{Repeat if still} < 70 \\text{ mg/dL}
Critical distinction: In this question, the patient is unconscious — oral route is contraindicated. D50W IV is the answer.
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