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Chemistry QUESTION #1437

The raw materials for glass manufacturing typically include:

Limestone and sand
Sand, soda ash, and lime✔️
Clay and sodium hydroxide
None of these

Correct Answer Logic:

Standard soda-lime glass (the most common type) is manufactured from three primary raw materials: silica sand ($\text{SiO}_2$), soda ash (sodium carbonate, $\text{Na}_2\text{CO}_3$), and limestone/lime ($\text{CaCO}_3$/$\text{CaO}$). The soda ash lowers the melting point, while lime improves chemical durability. The mixture is melted at about 1500°C.

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Public Administration QUESTION #2924

Question 2662

What does "Accountability" in the public sector fundamentally require?

Transparency and answerability✔️
Total secrecy
Absolute power
Lack of oversight

Correct Answer Logic:

Accountability ensures that public officials are responsible for their actions and decisions and must explain them to the public or oversight bodies.

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Mathematics QUESTION #1319

Question 2663

The gradient operator $\nabla$ in Cartesian coordinates acts on a scalar field $\phi$ to give:

$\dfrac{\partial\phi}{\partial x}+\dfrac{\partial\phi}{\partial y}+\dfrac{\partial\phi}{\partial z}$
$\dfrac{\partial\phi}{\partial x}\hat{i}+\dfrac{\partial\phi}{\partial y}\hat{j}+\dfrac{\partial\phi}{\partial z}\hat{k}$✔️
$\left(\dfrac{\partial^2\phi}{\partial x^2}+\dfrac{\partial^2\phi}{\partial y^2}+\dfrac{\partial^2\phi}{\partial z^2}\right)$
$\phi\left(\hat{i}+\hat{j}+\hat{k}\right)$

Correct Answer Logic:

$\nabla\phi=\text{grad}\,\phi=\dfrac{\partial\phi}{\partial x}\hat{i}+\dfrac{\partial\phi}{\partial y}\hat{j}+\dfrac{\partial\phi}{\partial z}\hat{k}$. It is a vector field giving the direction and rate of maximum increase of the scalar field $\phi$.

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Physics QUESTION #4412

Question 2664

A loop moves toward a stationary magnet. The induced current will:

Enhance the motion
Try to stop the approach✔️
Become zero
Become alternating

Correct Answer Logic:

By Lenz's law, the induced current opposes the change causing it. As the loop approaches the magnet, the induced current creates a magnetic field that repels the magnet, opposing (trying to stop) the approach.

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Mechanical Engineering QUESTION #2533

Question 2665

A perfectly plastic impact ($e=0$) between two particles results in:

Maximum kinetic energy loss and the particles move together after impact✔️
No energy loss and elastic rebound
Partial rebound with kinetic energy conserved
Maximum kinetic energy with separation

Correct Answer Logic:

For $e=0$ (perfectly plastic impact), the relative velocity of separation is zero — the particles stick together and move as one body. This results in maximum kinetic energy loss, while linear momentum is still conserved.

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Electrical Engineering QUESTION #2175

Question 2666

A single-phase transformer has $N_1 = 500$ turns and $N_2 = 100$ turns. Primary is connected to $230\,\text{V}$ AC. The secondary feeds a $10\,\Omega$ resistive load. Neglecting all losses, the primary current drawn from the source is:

$0.92\,\text{A}$✔️
$4.6\,\text{A}$
$46\,\text{A}$
$0.184\,\text{A}$

Correct Answer Logic:

$V_2 = \frac{N_2}{N_1}V_1 = \frac{100}{500}\times230 = 46\,\text{V}$. $I_2 = V_2/R = 46/10 = 4.6\,\text{A}$. By current transformation: $I_1 = I_2\times\frac{N_2}{N_1} = 4.6\times\frac{100}{500} = 0.92\,\text{A}$.

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Professional QUESTION #1826

Question 2667

Under Section 7(3) of the Civil Servants Act 1973, which category of posts explicitly prohibits confirmation?

Selection posts in BPS-20 and above
Posts filled through initial appointment only
Temporary posts✔️
Posts filled through transfer

Correct Answer Logic:

Section 7(3) contains an absolute and unambiguous provision that there shall be no confirmation against any temporary post. This is irrespective of how long a civil servant has served in the temporary post or whether the post has been continuously occupied.

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Boilers Mechanical Engineering QUESTION #4008

Question 2668

In an 'Oil-Fired' boiler, 'Atomization' of the fuel is necessary to:

Make the fuel smell better
Increase the surface area of the fuel for rapid and complete combustion✔️
Cool the fuel down
Change the color of the flame

Correct Answer Logic:

Turning liquid oil into a fine mist allows it to mix thoroughly with air.

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Chemistry QUESTION #1449

Question 2669

Which of the following compounds are aromatic? [Structures A, B, C, D shown in the paper]

A, B and D✔️
A, C and D
A and D
None of these

Correct Answer Logic:

Aromaticity requires: (1) cyclic structure, (2) planar, (3) fully conjugated, and (4) obeys Hückel's rule ($4n+2$ $\pi$ electrons). From the structures shown: A (naphthalene-type, $10\pi$e$^-$) and B (azulene-type, $10\pi$e$^-$) are aromatic; C (cyclopentadiene with $\text{NH}_2$, i.e. pyrrole-like with lone pair — $6\pi$e$^-$) is aromatic; D (indene-like) — based on standard exam answer, A, B and D are aromatic → **(A)**.

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English QUESTION #2650

Question 2670

Change the sentence to passive voice: 'The chef prepared a delicious meal.'

A delicious meal is prepared by the chef.
A delicious meal was prepared by the chef.✔️
A delicious meal being prepared by the chef.
A delicious meal has been prepared by the chef.

Correct Answer Logic:

In Simple Past, passive voice uses 'was/were + past participle'.

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Urdu QUESTION #5028

Question 2671

محاورے کے لیے کم از کم کتنے الفاظ کا ہونا ضروری ہے؟

دو✔️
ایک
تین
ان میں سے کوئی نہیں

Correct Answer Logic:

محاورہ کم از کم دو الفاظ پر مشتمل ہوتا ہے جو مل کر ایک خاص معنی دیتے ہیں۔

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Biology QUESTION #4231

Question 2672

CFTR gene that encode a protein which regulate:

Protein and salt
Salt and Water✔️
Sugar and Water
Liquid and Protein

Correct Answer Logic:

CFTR regulates salt and water transport.

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Boilers Mechanical Engineering QUESTION #4027

Question 2673

'Bagging' of a boiler shell occurs when:

The boiler is put in a bag
Localized overheating causes the metal to bulge outward due to internal pressure✔️
The boiler is painted
The operator makes a mistake

Correct Answer Logic:

This is often caused by oil or scale preventing heat transfer at that spot.

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Urdu QUESTION #5149

Question 2674

وہ جملہ یا الفاظ کا مجموعہ جس میں ایک بامعنی لفظ کے ساتھ بے معنی یا غیر ضروری لفظ استعمال کیا جائے، کیا کہلاتا ہے؟

تابع مہمل✔️
مرکب اشاری
مرکب تابع مہمل
تابع موضوع

Correct Answer Logic:

تابع مہمل وہ لفظ ہے جو ایک بامعنی لفظ کے ساتھ آئے لیکن خود بے معنی ہو، جیسے چائے وائے۔

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Pharmacology and Toxicology QUESTION #3860

Question 2675

Which pharmacological effect would be expected following systemic administration of atropine?

Constriction of the pupil
Increased gastric motility
Micturition
Increased heart rate✔️

Correct Answer Logic:

Atropine is a competitive muscarinic antagonist. By blocking parasympathetic (vagal) tone at the sinoatrial node, it removes the brake on heart rate, causing tachycardia (increased heart rate).

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Paper-II (Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutics-I) QUESTION #2993

Question 2676

Elixirs are characterized as being:

Oily solutions
Hydro-alcoholic solutions✔️
Aqueous suspensions
Viscous syrups

Correct Answer Logic:

Elixirs are clear, sweetened, hydro-alcoholic liquids intended for oral use.

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Paper-I (Anatomy/Physiology and Biochemistry/Microbiology) QUESTION #3453

Question 2677

'Steroids' like estrogen and testosterone are derived from:

Amino acids
Glucose
Cholesterol✔️
Phosphate

Correct Answer Logic:

Cholesterol is the parent compound for all steroid hormones.

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Agronomy QUESTION #2038

Question 2678

Hermetic storage technology for grain preservation works on the principle of:

Maintaining grain at constant low temperature using refrigeration
Creating a modified atmosphere inside an airtight container where respiration of grain, insects, and fungi consumes O₂ and raises CO₂, killing pests without chemicals✔️
Treating grain with phosphine gas before sealing
Using UV-treated bags to prevent insect entry

Correct Answer Logic:

Hermetic (airtight) storage exploits the biological process: grain, insects, and microbes respire, consuming O₂ and producing CO₂ within the sealed container. The resulting hypoxic/hypercapnic atmosphere kills insects and suppresses fungal growth without chemical inputs — ideal for smallholder grain storage.

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Urdu QUESTION #5198

Question 2679

ضرب المثل مکمل کریں: ضرب المثل مکمل کریں: ایک اور ایک ...

گیارہ✔️
بارہ
بیس
ان میں سے کوئی نہیں

Correct Answer Logic:

درست ضربِ مثل ہے: 'ایک اور ایک گیارہ' یعنی متحد ہونے سے طاقت بڑھ جاتی ہے۔

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Biology QUESTION #4335

Question 2680

In which of the following combinations do both components have Hyaline cartilage?

Epiglottis & intervertebral disc
Trachea & intervertebral disc
Nose & pinna
Nose & trachea✔️

Correct Answer Logic:

Hyaline cartilage is found in the nose (nasal septum) and trachea. The epiglottis has elastic cartilage; intervertebral discs contain fibrocartilage; pinna has elastic cartilage.

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