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Phenytoin exhibits saturable Michaelis–Menten (non-linear) pharmacokinetics. Once hepatic enzymes are saturated, small dose increases cause disproportionate rises in plasma levels with potential toxicity.

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Paper-II (Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutics-I) QUESTION #3011

Question 4405

The purpose of a 'Suspending Agent' is to:

Increase the rate of settling
Increase the viscosity of the vehicle✔️
Lower the boiling point
Sterilize the preparation

Correct Answer Logic:

Suspending agents increase viscosity to slow down the sedimentation of solid particles.

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Paper-II (Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutics-I) QUESTION #3615

Question 4406

Substituting a genuine drug with look-alike exhausted or exhausted materials is called:

Sophistication
Admixture
Substitution✔️
Deterioration

Correct Answer Logic:

Substitution is the replacement of the original with something totally different or inferior.

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Chemistry QUESTION #4354

Question 4407

Consider the balanced chemical equation: $2H_2 + O_2 \rightarrow 2H_2O$. If $4\ g$ of $H_2$ reacts with $32\ g$ of $O_2$ to produce $28\ g$ of $H_2O$, what is the percentage yield of the reaction? (Molar mass of $H_2 = 2\ g/mol$, $O_2 = 32\ g/mol$, $H_2O = 18\ g/mol$)

63.6%
77.8%✔️
87.5%
92.5%

Correct Answer Logic:

Moles of $H_2 = \frac{4}{2} = 2\ mol$. Theoretical yield of $H_2O = 2 \times 18 = 36\ g$. $\% yield = \frac{28}{36} \times 100 = 77.8\%$.

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Dairy Food Science and Technology QUESTION #5871

Question 4408

The isoelectric point of casein, at which it precipitates from milk, is approximately:

$\text{pH}\; 4.0$
$\text{pH}\; 4.6$✔️
$\text{pH}\; 5.2$
$\text{pH}\; 6.6$

Correct Answer Logic:

Casein precipitates at its isoelectric point of $\text{pH}\; 4.6$. This principle is used in acid coagulation of milk for cheese and paneer making and explains why acidification of milk causes curd formation.

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Mechanical Engineering QUESTION #2408

Question 4409

In a hydraulic system with two pistons of areas $A_1$ and $A_2$, if force $F_1$ acts on piston 1, the force $F_2$ on piston 2 (Pascal's law) is:

$F_2 = F_1 A_1 / A_2$
$F_2 = F_1 A_2 / A_1$✔️
$F_2 = F_1 + \gamma(A_2 - A_1)$
$F_2 = F_1$

Correct Answer Logic:

Pascal's law: pressure is transmitted equally throughout a static fluid. $p=F_1/A_1$. Same pressure acts on piston 2: $F_2=pA_2=F_1A_2/A_1$.

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Professional QUESTION #1846

Question 4410

Which authority constitutes the Selection Board for promotion/transfer to posts in BPS 19 to 21?

Establishment Division
Federal Public Service Commission
Federal Government✔️
Prime Minister

Correct Answer Logic:

Rule 2(b) defines Selection Board as a Board constituted by the Federal Government for selection for promotion or transfer to posts in BPS 19 to 21 and equivalent.

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Dairy Food Science and Technology QUESTION #5881

Question 4411

The Clot-on-Boiling (COB) test detects milk that would coagulate during sterilization. What condition causes a positive COB test?

Low fat content
High acidity $(>0.21\%$ lactic acid) or abnormal salt balance (colostrum/mastitic milk)✔️
Antibiotic residues
Excessive water adulteration

Correct Answer Logic:

COB-positive milk forms clots when boiled, indicating either high titratable acidity $(>0.21\%$ lactic acid) or abnormal protein/mineral balance as in colostrum or mastitic milk. Such milk cannot withstand sterilization temperatures.

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Agronomy QUESTION #2084

Question 4412

A moldboard plow is agronomically superior to a disc plow for primary tillage in soils that are:

Sandy with low organic matter and prone to wind erosion
Heavy clay or loam soils with thick crop residues, where the moldboard's inversion action effectively buries residues, controls perennial weeds, and breaks compacted layers — though it increases erosion risk on sloping land✔️
Light sandy soils where minimal soil disturbance is needed
Waterlogged for extended periods requiring subsoil drainage

Correct Answer Logic:

The moldboard plow inverts the furrow slice completely (150–180° rotation), burying surface residues, weed seeds, and crop stubble effectively. It excels in heavy-textured soils with dense residues and perennial weeds. Its limitation is leaving bare soil exposed to erosion. Disc plows cut and partially invert soil, better suited to hard, dry, stony soils where moldboards would break.

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Pakistan Affairs QUESTION #614

Question 4413

Who is the author of the book, 'The Reluctant Fundamentalist'?

Muhsin Hamid✔️
Mohammad Hanif
Mohammad Hussain
None of these

Correct Answer Logic:

This world-renowned novel was written by Mohsin Hamid .

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Electrical Engineering QUESTION #2171

Question 4414

The Fourier transform of $\text{rect}(t/\tau)$ is $X(f) = \tau\,\text{sinc}(f\tau)$. For $\tau = 1\,\text{ms}$, the first spectral null occurs at:

$f = 1\,\text{kHz}$✔️
$f = 500\,\text{Hz}$
$f = 2\,\text{kHz}$
$f = 100\,\text{Hz}$

Correct Answer Logic:

The first null of $\text{sinc}(f\tau)$ occurs at $f\tau = 1$, i.e., $f = 1/\tau = 1/10^{-3} = 1\,\text{kHz}$.

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Urdu QUESTION #5121

Question 4415

ناول کس زبان کا لفظ ہے؟

اطالوی✔️
فارسی
انگریزی
ان میں سے کوئی نہیں

Correct Answer Logic:

ناول (Novel) لاطینی زبان کے لفظ Novellus سے ماخوذ ہے جس کے معنی نئے کے ہیں۔ یہ اطالوی سے انگریزی میں آیا۔

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Paper-II (Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutics-I) QUESTION #3628

Question 4416

The 'Unani' system of medicine was developed by:

Chinese
Greeks (and furthered by Arabs/Persians)✔️
Indians
Americans

Correct Answer Logic:

Unani is based on the teachings of Hippocrates and Galen.

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Islamic Studies QUESTION #630

Question 4417

"Kitab-ul-Asar" is written by:

Imam Abu Hanifa✔️
Imam Malik
Imam Sha'afi
None of these

Correct Answer Logic:

This is a collection of Ahadith compiled by Imam Abu Hanifa.

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English QUESTION #484

Question 4418

The presence of armed guards ____________ us from doing anything disruptive.

Defeated
Excited
Irritated
Prevented✔️

Correct Answer Logic:

'Prevented from' is correct usage

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Chemistry QUESTION #1429

Question 4419

Lattice enthalpy is always:

Positive and represents energy absorption✔️
Positive and represents energy release
Negative and represents energy absorption
Negative and represents energy release

Correct Answer Logic:

Lattice enthalpy (lattice dissociation energy) is defined as the energy required to completely separate one mole of a solid ionic compound into its gaseous ions. Since energy must be absorbed to overcome the strong electrostatic attractions, lattice enthalpy is always positive (endothermic). Lattice formation enthalpy (reverse process) is always negative.

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MCQs Section QUESTION #4909

Question 4420

A prolific architect who worked from the turn of the century until the late 1950's, _____ perhaps most notably William Randolph Hearst's monumental estate at San Simeon.

Julia Morgan designed nearly 800 buildings in California✔️
perhaps the most notable of the nearly 800 buildings in California designed by Julia Morgan was William Randolph Hearst's monumental estate at San Simeon
of the nearly 800 buildings in California designed by Julia Morgan, perhaps the most notable was William Randolph Hearst's monumental estate at San Simeon
nearly 800 buildings in California were designed by Julia Morgan, of which William Randolph Hearst's monumental estate at San Simeon is perhaps the most notable

Correct Answer Logic:

The introductory participial phrase 'A prolific architect…' must be followed by Julia Morgan as the grammatical subject to avoid a dangling modifier. Only option A does this. Options B, C, and D all shift the subject away from Julia Morgan, creating dangling modifiers.

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