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Biology Zoology Botany QUESTION #1372

In which part of the plant does the Calvin cycle occur?

Stroma of chloroplasts✔️
Thylakoid membrane
Cytoplasm
Nucleus

Correct Answer Logic:

The Calvin cycle (light-independent reactions / dark reactions) takes place in the stroma of chloroplasts — the fluid-filled space surrounding the thylakoids. Here, CO$_2$ is fixed using ATP and NADPH (produced in the light reactions on the thylakoid membranes) to synthesise glucose via the enzyme RuBisCO. The light reactions occur on the thylakoid membranes.

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Others section QUESTION #4774

Question 5202

The alliance among India, Germany, Japan, and Brazil seeking permanent UN Security Council seats is known as?

Alliance 4
G-4✔️
Big 4
Security 4

Correct Answer Logic:

The G4 nations (Germany, Brazil, India, and Japan) formed an alliance to mutually support each other's bids for permanent membership in the UN Security Council.

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Mathematics QUESTION #4155

Question 5203

Three forces of magnitudes $3N$, $4N$, $5N$ act along the sides of a triangle forming a closed loop. What is their resultant?

$12N$
$0N$✔️
$\sqrt{50}N$
$1N$

Correct Answer Logic:

If forces act along sides of a triangle forming a closed loop (in equilibrium), by triangle law of vector addition, $\vec{F_1} + \vec{F_2} + \vec{F_3} = \vec{0}$. Resultant is zero.

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Chemistry QUESTION #1002

Question 5204

Statement (I): Nitrogen, sulphur, halogen and phosphorus present in an organic compound are detected by Lassaigne's Test. Statement (II): The elements present in the compound are converted from covalent form into ionic form by fusing the compound with Magnesium in Lassaigne's test.

Statement I is false but Statement II is true
Both Statement I and Statement II are true
Both Statement I and Statement II are false
Statement I is true but Statement II is false✔️

Correct Answer Logic:

Statement I is correct — N, S, halogens, and P are detected by Lassaigne's test. Statement II is false — the compound is fused with sodium (Na), not magnesium (Mg), to convert covalent bonds into ionic form (e.g., $\text{NaCN, Na}_2\text{S, NaX}$).

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General Knowledge QUESTION #4481

Question 5205

Which Pakistani economist contributed to Human Security Theory?

Dr. Qaiser Bengali
Dr. Mehbub ul Haq✔️
Dr. Ashfa Hasan Khan
None of these

Correct Answer Logic:

Dr. Mahbub ul Haq pioneered the Human Development and Human Security concept.

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Paper-I (Anatomy/Physiology and Biochemistry/Microbiology) QUESTION #3372

Question 5206

'Opsonization' is the process where:

Bacteria are killed by heat
Pathogens are coated with antibodies/complement to enhance phagocytosis✔️
Viruses enter a cell
DNA is copied

Correct Answer Logic:

It makes the 'prey' (pathogens) easier for the 'predators' (WBCs) to catch.

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Professional QUESTION #1867

Question 5207

For candidates appointed on temporary basis to posts in Pakistan Missions abroad, relaxation of citizenship requirement shall not exceed what period at a time?

Six months
One year✔️
Two years
Three years

Correct Answer Logic:

Rule 13 second proviso states that for Pakistan Missions abroad, relaxation of citizenship requirement shall not be accorded for a period exceeding one year at a time.

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Paper-I (Pharmaceutics II (Industrial and Quality Control) and Pharmaceutics III (Hospital and Community Pharmacy)) QUESTION #5712

Question 5208

What is the purpose of adding 'Bentonite' in a pharmaceutical suspension?

Preservative
Suspending agent✔️
Flavoring agent
Chelating agent

Correct Answer Logic:

Bentonite is a clay that acts as a suspending agent to increase viscosity and reduce sedimentation.

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Chemistry QUESTION #1018

Question 5209

The most stable carbocation from the following is:

Benzyl carbocation $(\text{PhCH}_2^+)$ without additional substituent
Benzyl carbocation with $-\text{OMe}$ at para position (electron-donating)
Benzyl carbocation with $-\text{OMe}$ at meta position✔️
Benzyl carbocation with $-\text{CH}_3$ at para position

Correct Answer Logic:

Carbocation stability increases with electron-donating groups at ortho/para positions via resonance. A $-\text{OMe}$ group at the para position donates electrons by resonance directly into the carbocation centre, making it the most stable. Meta substitution cannot relay resonance to the positive charge.

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Public Administration QUESTION #2920

Question 5210

Which budgeting technique focuses on the specific items or inputs purchased by a department?

Performance Budgeting
Zero-based Budgeting
Line-item Budgeting✔️
Program Budgeting

Correct Answer Logic:

Line-item budgeting lists specific expenditures (salaries, equipment) and is primarily used for financial control and accountability.

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Mechanical Engineering QUESTION #2467

Question 5211

The base circle diameter $d_b$ of a gear with pitch diameter $d$ and pressure angle $\phi$ is:

$d_b = d / \cos\phi$
$d_b = d \cdot \tan\phi$
$d_b = d \cdot \cos\phi$✔️
$d_b = d \cdot \sin\phi$

Correct Answer Logic:

The base circle radius is related to the pitch circle radius by $r_b = r\cos\phi$, hence $d_b = d\cos\phi$.

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Urdu QUESTION #5030

Question 5212

غلط املا کا انتخاب کریں۔

جنہوں✔️
تمہیں
انہوں
ان میں سے کوئی نہیں

Correct Answer Logic:

درست املا 'جنھوں' ہے، 'جنہوں' غلط ہے۔ 'انھوں' اور 'تمھیں' درست ہیں۔

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Mechanical Engineering QUESTION #2527

Question 5213

The principle of angular impulse and momentum about a fixed point O states:

Angular momentum equals linear momentum times radius
$\mathbf{H}_{O2} - \mathbf{H}_{O1} = \int_{t_1}^{t_2}\sum\mathbf{M}_O\,dt$✔️
Torque equals moment of inertia
Angular momentum is always conserved

Correct Answer Logic:

The angular impulse-momentum principle: $\mathbf{H}_{O2}=\mathbf{H}_{O1}+\int_{t_1}^{t_2}\sum\mathbf{M}_O\,dt$, where $\mathbf{H}_O=\mathbf{r}\times m\mathbf{v}$ is angular momentum.

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Paper-II (Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutics-I) QUESTION #3661

Question 5214

'Menthol' is a solid constituent obtained from:

Clove oil
Peppermint oil✔️
Eucalyptus oil
Cinnamon oil

Correct Answer Logic:

Menthol is the primary stearoptene of peppermint oil.

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MCQs Section QUESTION #4871

Question 5215

Correct antonym of "BI-PARTISAN" is

Narrow minded✔️
Progressive
Representing two parties
Divided

Correct Answer Logic:

Bi-partisan means involving cooperation between two political parties. Its antonym is 'narrow minded,' implying a refusal to cooperate or consider opposing viewpoints.

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Chemistry QUESTION #1419

Question 5216

Enzymes act as catalysts by:

Increasing activation energy
Lowering activation energy✔️
Changing equilibrium position
None of these

Correct Answer Logic:

Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up reactions by lowering the activation energy ($E_a$) of the reaction — they provide an alternative reaction pathway with a lower energy barrier. Importantly, enzymes do NOT change the equilibrium constant or the thermodynamic spontaneity of the reaction; they only affect the rate at which equilibrium is reached.

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Physics QUESTION #406

Question 5217

Which device is the most efficient?

Nuclear reactor✔️
Storage battery
Silicon solar cell
Dry battery cell

Correct Answer Logic:

Nuclear reactors have highest efficiency among these

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Paper-II (Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutics-I) QUESTION #3668

Question 5218

'Gelatin' is obtained by the partial hydrolysis of:

Starch
Collagen from animal skin and bones✔️
Cellulose
Fruit pectin

Correct Answer Logic:

Gelatin is used to make capsule shells.

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Mechanical Engineering QUESTION #2398

Question 5219

Archimedes' principle states that the buoyant force on a submerged (or floating) body equals:

Weight of the body
Weight of fluid displaced by the body✔️
Pressure at the centroid times surface area
Volume of the body times its own density

Correct Answer Logic:

Archimedes' principle: buoyant force $F_B=\gamma_{fluid}\times V_{displaced}$ — equals the weight of fluid displaced.

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Commerce QUESTION #1211

Question 5220

In a sales mix decision, the product with the highest contribution margin per unit should be:

Sold exclusively, regardless of customer demand.
Prioritized when resources are constrained.✔️
Avoided to reduce risk.
Discounted to maximize revenue.

Correct Answer Logic:

When resources (such as machine hours or materials) are constrained, products should be ranked by contribution margin per unit of the limiting factor (not just per unit). The product yielding the highest contribution margin per scarce resource should be prioritized to maximize total contribution and profit. Selling exclusively ignores demand and other constraints.

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