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Islamic Studies QUESTION #7912

The Ummayyad Caliphate was overthrown in 751 A.D by Abbasids after the:

Battle of Tribes
Battle of Islam
Battle of Arabs
Battle of Zab✔️

Correct Answer Logic:

The Umayyad Caliphate was overthrown at the Battle of Zab in 750 CE (not 751). This battle was fought on the banks of the Great Zab River. The Abbasids, led by Abu al-Abbas, defeated the last Umayyad Caliph Marwan II, establishing the Abbasid Caliphate that lasted until 1258 CE.

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Paper-II (Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutics-I) QUESTION #2996

Question 542

Which of the following is an example of an 'Aromatic Water'?

Normal Saline
Peppermint Water✔️
Simple Syrup
Calamine Lotion

Correct Answer Logic:

Aromatic waters are saturated solutions of volatile oils or aromatic substances in water.

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Journalism / Mass Communication QUESTION #6381

Question 543

The U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) was created in 1934. What was the immediate predecessor body that the FCC reorganised, and what triggered the need for government regulation of radio broadcasting?

The Federal Broadcast Authority (FBA), created because of foreign interference with American signals
The Federal Radio Commission (FRC), created by the Radio Act of 1927 to address chaos caused by too many unlicensed stations competing for limited frequencies and power levels✔️
The National Telecommunications Board, created after World War II to regulate television
The American Broadcasting Standards Authority, created to prevent monopoly ownership

Correct Answer Logic:

The development of broadcast regulation in the U.S. followed a logical progression:

Early radio (post-1920): Anyone could build and operate a radio station, leading to hundreds of unlicensed stations fighting for limited frequencies and even engaging in “power wars” to drown out competitors
Radio Act of 1927: Created the Federal Radio Commission (FRC) to organise the licensing of transmitters and assign radio station frequencies
Communications Act of 1934: Reorganised the FRC into the Federal Communications Commission (FCC), which expanded regulatory authority to include telephone and telegraph as well as broadcasting

The driving force behind regulation was the entry of commercial advertising money and corporate interests — once radio became profitable, the government had strong incentives to impose order. The FCC's regulatory powers later expanded to include television.

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Constitutional Law QUESTION #5810

Question 544

A new federal law prohibits the President from removing the Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) except for 'inefficiency, neglect of duty, or malfeasance in office.' The Director's term is set at 10 years. Is this removal restriction constitutional?

No, because the President has absolute power to remove all executive branch officials at will.
No, because the FBI Director is a principal officer and the restriction interferes with the President's executive duties.
Yes, because Congress may limit removal of any executive officer for cause.
Yes, provided the restriction does not impede the President’s ability to perform his constitutional duties.✔️

Correct Answer Logic:

While the President has broad removal power, Congress can impose 'for cause' restrictions on certain executive officers (like the FBI Director) as long as the restriction does not interfere with the President's Article II 'take care' duties. The Supreme Court has distinguished between single-headed agencies and multi-member boards, but the modern test focuses on functional interference.

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General Abilities QUESTION #4619

Question 545

What is the next term in: $2, 4, 8, 16, ...$?

$20$
$24$
$32$✔️
$18$

Correct Answer Logic:

Each term is double the previous: $16 \times 2 = 32$

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Logical Reasoning QUESTION #3939

Question 546

Select the pair with a similar relationship: CANVAS : PAINTER

Stage : Actor✔️
Marble : Sculptor
Hammer : Carpenter
Wrench : Mechanic

Correct Answer Logic:

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Mathematics QUESTION #7485

Question 547

Let a function $f:(0,\infty) \to (0,\infty)$ be defined by $f(x) = |1-\frac{1}{x}|$. Then f is:

not injective but it is surjective
injective only
neither injective nor surjective✔️
both injective as well as surjective

Correct Answer Logic:

We have $f(x) = |1-\frac{1}{x}| = \begin{cases} 1-\frac{1}{x} & \text{if } x>1 \\ \frac{1}{x}-1 & \text{if } 01$ is $[0,1)$, and for \(0

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Physics QUESTION #1043

Question 548

Which options represent correct variation of photoelectric current vs. property on x-axis?

A and D✔️
B and D
A only
A and C

Correct Answer Logic:

Photoelectric current vs. intensity: linear (proportional) — Graph A is correct (linear through origin). Photoelectric current vs. frequency: zero below threshold, then increases above — Graph D shows this (starts from threshold). B (flat vs intensity) and C (linear from zero vs frequency) are incorrect. Correct: A and D.

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Law QUESTION #9697

Question 549

Article 117 on burden of proof — who bears the burden of proof in any proceeding?

Always the plaintiff
Always the defendant
Whoever desires the Court to give judgment based on facts he asserts✔️
The party calling more witnesses

Correct Answer Logic:

Article 117(1) states that whoever desires any Court to give judgment as to any legal right or liability dependent on the existence of facts which he asserts must prove that those facts exist.

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Political Science QUESTION #6668

Question 550

Who is the author of 'Das Kapital'?

Karl Marx✔️
Friedrich Engels
Mao Zedong
None of these

Correct Answer Logic:

Karl Marx's 'Das Kapital' is a fundamental text in materialist philosophy and economics.

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Pakistan Affairs QUESTION #7694

Question 551

What is the name of border between Pakistan and Afghanistan?

LOC
Taftan
Durand Line✔️
None of these

Correct Answer Logic:

The Durand Line is the 2,670 km border between Pakistan and Afghanistan, established in 1893 by an agreement between Sir Mortimer Durand and Afghan Amir Abdur Rahman Khan. It remains a contentious border with historical and political significance.

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Verbal Reasoning QUESTION #8159

Question 552

Let $x$ and $m$ be positive numbers, where $m$ is a multiple of 3. Compare:

Quantity A: $\dfrac{x^m}{x^3}$

Quantity B: $x^{m/3}$

Quantity A is greater
Quantity B is greater
The two quantities are equal
The relationship cannot be determined from the information given✔️

Correct Answer Logic:

Simplify Quantity A: $\dfrac{x^m}{x^3} = x^{m-3}$.

Quantity B: $x^{m/3}$.

We need to compare $x^{m-3}$ with $x^{m/3}$. The relationship depends on the base $x$ and the exponent comparison.

Case 1: $x = 1$. Both quantities $= 1$. Equal.

Case 2: $x = 2,\ m = 6$. Qty A $= 2^{6-3} = 2^3 = 8$. Qty B $= 2^{6/3} = 2^2 = 4$. A > B.

Case 3: $x = 2,\ m = 3$. Qty A $= 2^{3-3} = 2^0 = 1$. Qty B $= 2^{3/3} = 2^1 = 2$. B > A.

Because different values give different results, the relationship cannot be determined.

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Physics QUESTION #7013

Question 553

A magnetic needle has magnetic moment $9.85 \times 10^{-2}\ \text{A/m}^2$ and moment of inertia $5 \times 10^{-6}\ \text{kg\,m}^2$. It performs 10 complete oscillations in 5 seconds in a uniform magnetic field. Find the magnitude of the field in mT.
(Take $\pi^2 = 9.85$)

10 mT✔️
20 mT
5 mT
1 mT

Correct Answer Logic:

Time period: $T = \frac{5}{10} = 0.5\ \text{s}$

Formula for oscillation: $T = 2\pi\sqrt{\frac{I}{MB}}$

$B = \frac{4\pi^2 I}{MT^2} = \frac{4 \times 9.85 \times 5\times10^{-6}}{9.85\times10^{-2} \times (0.5)^2}$

$= \frac{4 \times 9.85 \times 5\times10^{-6}}{9.85\times10^{-2} \times 0.25} = \frac{20\times10^{-5}}{2.4625\times10^{-3}} = 0.01\ \text{T} = 10\ \text{mT}$

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Urdu QUESTION #5157

Question 554

صحیفہ کس ادارے کا جریدہ ہے؟

اکادمی ادبیات
مجلس ترقی ادب✔️
مقتدرہ قومی زبان
ان میں سے کوئی نہیں

Correct Answer Logic:

صحیفہ لاہور سے شائع ہونے والا ادبی جریدہ ہے جو مجلس ترقی ادب سے وابستہ ہے۔

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English QUESTION #509

Question 555

GRIM

Gratis
Restless
Severe✔️
Grater

Correct Answer Logic:

Grim means forbidding or severe

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Accounting & Finance QUESTION #6136

Question 556

The total of the discount column on the debit side of the cash book had been debited to discount received instead of correctly posted. Which accounts correct this error?

Discount allowed
Discount received
Suspense

1, 2 and 3
1 and 2 only✔️
1 and 3 only
2 and 3 only

Correct Answer Logic:

Option B (1 and 2 only) is correct.

The debit side discount column = discounts allowed. Correct entries: Debit discount allowed; Credit discount received. The error debited discount received instead of crediting it. Correction uses discount allowed and discount received only — no suspense needed as both sides of the trial balance are equally affected.

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Dairy Food Science and Technology QUESTION #5991

Question 557

In dairy microbiology, 'psychrotolerant' bacteria differ from 'psychrophilic' bacteria in that:

Psychrotolerant bacteria cannot grow above $20^{\circ}\text{C}$; psychrophilic bacteria grow optimally at $20^{\circ}\text{C}$
Psychrotolerant bacteria have optimal growth above $20^{\circ}\text{C}$ but can grow slowly at refrigeration temperatures ($0\text{–}7^{\circ}\text{C}$); psychrophilic bacteria have optimal growth below $15^{\circ}\text{C}$✔️
Psychrotolerant bacteria are heat resistant; psychrophilic bacteria are not
They are identical terms used interchangeably in dairy science

Correct Answer Logic:

True psychrophiles have optimal growth $<15^{\circ}\text{C}$ and cannot grow above $20^{\circ}\text{C}$. Psychrotolerant (psychrotrophs) bacteria grow optimally at $20\text{–}30^{\circ}\text{C}$ but can also grow at refrigeration temperatures ($0\text{–}7^{\circ}\text{C}$), though slowly. Major dairy spoilage organisms ($Pseudomonas\;fluorescens$) are psychrotolerant.

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Mathematics QUESTION #1263

Question 558

Using the epsilon-delta definition, $\lim_{x\to 2}\dfrac{x^3-4}{x^2+1}$ equals:

$\dfrac{2}{5}$
$\dfrac{4}{5}$✔️
$\dfrac{8}{5}$
$1$

Correct Answer Logic:

Direct substitution: $\dfrac{(2)^3-4}{(2)^2+1}=\dfrac{8-4}{4+1}=\dfrac{4}{5}$. The function is continuous at $x=2$, so the limit equals the function value.

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