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Islamic Studies QUESTION #7912
Question 541
The Ummayyad Caliphate was overthrown in 751 A.D by Abbasids after the:
  • Battle of Tribes
  • Battle of Islam
  • Battle of Arabs
  • Battle of Zab✔️
Correct Answer Logic:
The Umayyad Caliphate was overthrown at the Battle of Zab in 750 CE (not 751). This battle was fought on the banks of the Great Zab River. The Abbasids, led by Abu al-Abbas, defeated the last Umayyad Caliph Marwan II, establishing the Abbasid Caliphate that lasted until 1258 CE.
Uploaded by: Fani Warraich
Paper-II (Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutics-I) QUESTION #2996
Question 542
Which of the following is an example of an 'Aromatic Water'?
  • Normal Saline
  • Peppermint Water✔️
  • Simple Syrup
  • Calamine Lotion
Correct Answer Logic:
Aromatic waters are saturated solutions of volatile oils or aromatic substances in water.
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Journalism / Mass Communication QUESTION #6381
Question 543
The U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) was created in 1934. What was the immediate predecessor body that the FCC reorganised, and what triggered the need for government regulation of radio broadcasting?
  • The Federal Broadcast Authority (FBA), created because of foreign interference with American signals
  • The Federal Radio Commission (FRC), created by the Radio Act of 1927 to address chaos caused by too many unlicensed stations competing for limited frequencies and power levels✔️
  • The National Telecommunications Board, created after World War II to regulate television
  • The American Broadcasting Standards Authority, created to prevent monopoly ownership
Correct Answer Logic:

The development of broadcast regulation in the U.S. followed a logical progression:

  • Early radio (post-1920): Anyone could build and operate a radio station, leading to hundreds of unlicensed stations fighting for limited frequencies and even engaging in “power wars” to drown out competitors
  • Radio Act of 1927: Created the Federal Radio Commission (FRC) to organise the licensing of transmitters and assign radio station frequencies
  • Communications Act of 1934: Reorganised the FRC into the Federal Communications Commission (FCC), which expanded regulatory authority to include telephone and telegraph as well as broadcasting

The driving force behind regulation was the entry of commercial advertising money and corporate interests — once radio became profitable, the government had strong incentives to impose order. The FCC's regulatory powers later expanded to include television.

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Constitutional Law QUESTION #5810
Question 544
A new federal law prohibits the President from removing the Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) except for 'inefficiency, neglect of duty, or malfeasance in office.' The Director's term is set at 10 years. Is this removal restriction constitutional?
  • No, because the President has absolute power to remove all executive branch officials at will.
  • No, because the FBI Director is a principal officer and the restriction interferes with the President's executive duties.
  • Yes, because Congress may limit removal of any executive officer for cause.
  • Yes, provided the restriction does not impede the President’s ability to perform his constitutional duties.✔️
Correct Answer Logic:
While the President has broad removal power, Congress can impose 'for cause' restrictions on certain executive officers (like the FBI Director) as long as the restriction does not interfere with the President's Article II 'take care' duties. The Supreme Court has distinguished between single-headed agencies and multi-member boards, but the modern test focuses on functional interference.
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General Abilities QUESTION #4619
Question 545
What is the next term in: $2, 4, 8, 16, ...$?
  • $20$
  • $24$
  • $32$✔️
  • $18$
Correct Answer Logic:
Each term is double the previous: $16 \times 2 = 32$
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Logical Reasoning QUESTION #3939
Question 546
Select the pair with a similar relationship: CANVAS : PAINTER
  • Stage : Actor✔️
  • Marble : Sculptor
  • Hammer : Carpenter
  • Wrench : Mechanic
Correct Answer Logic:
1
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Mathematics QUESTION #7485
Question 547
Let a function \(f:(0,\infty) \to (0,\infty)\) be defined by \(f(x) = |1-\frac{1}{x}|\). Then f is:
  • not injective but it is surjective
  • injective only
  • neither injective nor surjective✔️
  • both injective as well as surjective
Correct Answer Logic:
We have \(f(x) = |1-\frac{1}{x}| = \begin{cases} 1-\frac{1}{x} & \text{if } x>1 \\ \frac{1}{x}-1 & \text{if } 01\) is \([0,1)\), and for \(0
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Correct Answer Logic:
Photoelectric current vs. intensity: linear (proportional) — Graph A is correct (linear through origin). Photoelectric current vs. frequency: zero below threshold, then increases above — Graph D shows this (starts from threshold). B (flat vs intensity) and C (linear from zero vs frequency) are incorrect. Correct: A and D.
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Law QUESTION #9697
Question 549
Article 117 on burden of proof — who bears the burden of proof in any proceeding?
  • Always the plaintiff
  • Always the defendant
  • Whoever desires the Court to give judgment based on facts he asserts✔️
  • The party calling more witnesses
Correct Answer Logic:
Article 117(1) states that whoever desires any Court to give judgment as to any legal right or liability dependent on the existence of facts which he asserts must prove that those facts exist.
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Political Science QUESTION #6668
Question 550

Who is the author of 'Das Kapital'?

  • Karl Marx✔️
  • Friedrich Engels
  • Mao Zedong
  • None of these
Correct Answer Logic:

Karl Marx's 'Das Kapital' is a fundamental text in materialist philosophy and economics.

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Pakistan Affairs QUESTION #7694
Question 551
What is the name of border between Pakistan and Afghanistan?
  • LOC
  • Taftan
  • Durand Line✔️
  • None of these
Correct Answer Logic:
The Durand Line is the 2,670 km border between Pakistan and Afghanistan, established in 1893 by an agreement between Sir Mortimer Durand and Afghan Amir Abdur Rahman Khan. It remains a contentious border with historical and political significance.
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Verbal Reasoning QUESTION #8159
Question 552

Let $x$ and $m$ be positive numbers, where $m$ is a multiple of 3. Compare:

Quantity A: $\dfrac{x^m}{x^3}$

Quantity B: $x^{m/3}$

  • Quantity A is greater
  • Quantity B is greater
  • The two quantities are equal
  • The relationship cannot be determined from the information given✔️
Correct Answer Logic:

Simplify Quantity A: $\dfrac{x^m}{x^3} = x^{m-3}$.

Quantity B: $x^{m/3}$.

We need to compare $x^{m-3}$ with $x^{m/3}$. The relationship depends on the base $x$ and the exponent comparison.

Case 1: $x = 1$. Both quantities $= 1$. Equal.

Case 2: $x = 2,\ m = 6$. Qty A $= 2^{6-3} = 2^3 = 8$. Qty B $= 2^{6/3} = 2^2 = 4$. A > B.

Case 3: $x = 2,\ m = 3$. Qty A $= 2^{3-3} = 2^0 = 1$. Qty B $= 2^{3/3} = 2^1 = 2$. B > A.

Because different values give different results, the relationship cannot be determined.

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Correct Answer Logic:

Time period: $T = \frac{5}{10} = 0.5\ \text{s}$

Formula for oscillation: $T = 2\pi\sqrt{\frac{I}{MB}}$

$B = \frac{4\pi^2 I}{MT^2} = \frac{4 \times 9.85 \times 5\times10^{-6}}{9.85\times10^{-2} \times (0.5)^2}$

$= \frac{4 \times 9.85 \times 5\times10^{-6}}{9.85\times10^{-2} \times 0.25} = \frac{20\times10^{-5}}{2.4625\times10^{-3}} = 0.01\ \text{T} = 10\ \text{mT}$

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Urdu QUESTION #5157
Question 554
صحیفہ کس ادارے کا جریدہ ہے؟
  • اکادمی ادبیات
  • مجلس ترقی ادب✔️
  • مقتدرہ قومی زبان
  • ان میں سے کوئی نہیں
Correct Answer Logic:
صحیفہ لاہور سے شائع ہونے والا ادبی جریدہ ہے جو مجلس ترقی ادب سے وابستہ ہے۔
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English QUESTION #509
Question 555
GRIM
  • Gratis
  • Restless
  • Severe✔️
  • Grater
Correct Answer Logic:
Grim means forbidding or severe
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Correct Answer Logic:

Option B (1 and 2 only) is correct.

The debit side discount column = discounts allowed. Correct entries: Debit discount allowed; Credit discount received. The error debited discount received instead of crediting it. Correction uses discount allowed and discount received only — no suspense needed as both sides of the trial balance are equally affected.

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Dairy Food Science and Technology QUESTION #5991
Question 557
In dairy microbiology, 'psychrotolerant' bacteria differ from 'psychrophilic' bacteria in that:
  • Psychrotolerant bacteria cannot grow above \(20^{\circ}\text{C}\); psychrophilic bacteria grow optimally at \(20^{\circ}\text{C}\)
  • Psychrotolerant bacteria have optimal growth above \(20^{\circ}\text{C}\) but can grow slowly at refrigeration temperatures (\(0\text{–}7^{\circ}\text{C}\)); psychrophilic bacteria have optimal growth below \(15^{\circ}\text{C}\)✔️
  • Psychrotolerant bacteria are heat resistant; psychrophilic bacteria are not
  • They are identical terms used interchangeably in dairy science
Correct Answer Logic:
True psychrophiles have optimal growth \(<15^{\circ}\text{C}\) and cannot grow above \(20^{\circ}\text{C}\). Psychrotolerant (psychrotrophs) bacteria grow optimally at \(20\text{–}30^{\circ}\text{C}\) but can also grow at refrigeration temperatures (\(0\text{–}7^{\circ}\text{C}\)), though slowly. Major dairy spoilage organisms (\(Pseudomonas\;fluorescens\)) are psychrotolerant.
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Mathematics QUESTION #1263
Question 558
Using the epsilon-delta definition, \(\lim_{x\to 2}\dfrac{x^3-4}{x^2+1}\) equals:
  • \(\dfrac{2}{5}\)
  • \(\dfrac{4}{5}\)✔️
  • \(\dfrac{8}{5}\)
  • \(1\)
Correct Answer Logic:
Direct substitution: \(\dfrac{(2)^3-4}{(2)^2+1}=\dfrac{8-4}{4+1}=\dfrac{4}{5}\). The function is continuous at \(x=2\), so the limit equals the function value.
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Administration QUESTION #2944
Question 559
In the "Boston Consulting Group (BCG) Matrix," what characterizes a "Cash Cow"?
  • High market growth rate and high market share
  • Low market growth rate and high market share✔️
  • High market growth rate and low market share
  • None of these
Correct Answer Logic:
Cash cows are established products in mature markets that generate more cash than is required to maintain them.
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Pakistan Affairs QUESTION #310
Question 560
Who was the first leader of opposition in the first National Assembly under the 1962 constitution?
  • Sardar Bahadur Khan✔️
  • Hussain Shaheed
  • Syed Fakhar Imam
  • Ghulam Haider Wain
Correct Answer Logic:
Sardar Bahadur Khan, brother of Ayub Khan, served as the first leader of the opposition.
Uploaded by: Fani Warraich