Perforated peptic ulcer is a surgical emergency. The classic presentation is:

• Sudden, severe, generalized abdominal pain
• Board-like rigidity (involuntary guarding) — contents spill into peritoneal cavity causing chemical peritonitis
• Rebound tenderness (positive Blumberg's sign)
• Absent bowel sounds
• Tachycardia, hypotension (shock)
• Free air under diaphragm on chest X-ray (pathognomonic)

Priority nursing actions:

1. Keep patient NPO immediately
2. Insert IV lines — large-bore cannulas
3. IV fluids to maintain hemodynamic stability
4. Insert urinary catheter — monitor urine output hourly
5. IV antibiotics as ordered
6. Prepare for emergency laparotomy
7. Do NOT give analgesics until surgeon has assessed (may mask signs)

The IFJ Declaration of Principles (adopted 1954, amended 1986 in Helsingör) specifically defines the following as grave professional offences for journalists:

• Plagiarism
• Malicious misrepresentation
• Calumny, slander, libel, and unfounded accusations
• Acceptance of a bribe in any form in consideration of either publication or suppression of information

Expressing personal political opinions in editorial content is not listed as a grave professional offence in this declaration. The declaration also requires journalists to: respect truth, defend freedom of information, report only facts of known origin, use only fair methods to obtain news, rectify inaccurate information, observe professional secrecy regarding sources, and be aware of discrimination. The code emphasises that journalists should recognise “in professional matters the jurisdiction of colleagues only, to the exclusion of every kind of interference by governments or others.”

$p=P(\text{ace})=\dfrac{4}{52}=\dfrac{1}{13}$, $q=\dfrac{12}{13}$. Binomial with $n=2$.

$P(X=1)=\binom{2}{1}\cdot\dfrac{1}{13}\cdot\dfrac{12}{13}=\dfrac{24}{169}$

$P(X=2)=\binom{2}{2}\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{13}\right)^2=\dfrac{1}{169}$

$P(X=1)+P(X=2)=\dfrac{24}{169}+\dfrac{1}{169}=\dfrac{25}{169}$

Option B (1 and 3) is correct.

• Matching/Accruals (1): The allowance is recorded in the same period as the related sales revenue.
• Prudence (3): The business anticipates a possible future loss and recognises it now, avoiding overstating assets and profits.

Materiality (2) and Substance over form (4) are not specifically relevant here.

The value $220$ is $\dfrac{220 - 200}{10} = 2$ standard deviations above the mean.

For a standard normal distribution, the probability that $Z > 2$ is approximately $0.0228$ (about $2.28\%$).

Quantity B $= \dfrac{1}{6} \approx 0.1667$.

Since $0.0228 < 0.1667$, Quantity A is less than Quantity B.

Therefore Quantity B is greater.