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SAT English QUESTION #5361
Question 1
Climate models suggest that while total rain in the US West might stay the same, it will likely happen in fewer but heavier storms. Scientist Geeta Persad simulated how this would impact aquifers and irrigation. The study found that fewer rain events would lead to more dry days and more irrigation, though this impact depends heavily on the current precipitation levels of the area. Which choice best describes data from the table that support Persad and her colleagues' conclusion?
  • If baseline precipitation is somewhat concentrated, the amount of water being used for irrigation will increase 0.4% for surface water and 0.9% for groundwater, whereas the amount of water entering aquifers will increase 11.0% if baseline precipitation is evenly distributed.
  • If baseline precipitation is somewhat concentrated, water use for irrigation will increase only slightly, whereas it will increase 9.0% for surface water and 7.9% for groundwater if baseline precipitation is evenly distributed.✔️
  • If baseline precipitation is somewhat concentrated, the amount of water entering aquifers will increase 4.9%, while the amount being used for irrigation will increase 0.4% for surface water and 0.9% for groundwater.
  • If baseline precipitation is somewhat concentrated, water use for irrigation will decline by a small amount, whereas it will increase 11.0% for surface water and 9.0% for groundwater if baseline precipitation is evenly distributed.
Correct Answer Explanation
The conclusion states that irrigation needs are 'highly sensitive' to baseline distribution. Option B contrasts the small 0.4%-0.9% increase (concentrated baseline) with the much larger 9.0%-7.9% increase (even baseline).