High-pressure homogenizers (HPH) are the industry standard. Milk is forced through a narrow adjustable valve at \(2000\text{–}2500\;\text{psi}\). The pressure drop, turbulence, cavitation, and shear forces reduce fat globule size from \(1\text{–}10\;\mu\text{m}\) to \(<0.5\text{–}2\;\mu\text{m}\).