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Food Science and Technology QUESTION #5969
Question 1
The Vitamin D content of whole milk is naturally low. Vitamin D deficiency causes:
  • Scurvy
  • Rickets (in children) and osteomalacia (in adults) due to impaired calcium absorption (Vitamin D required for intestinal \(\text{Ca}^{2+}\) and \(\text{PO}_4^{3-}\) uptake)✔️
  • Night blindness
  • Pellagra
Correct Answer Explanation
Vitamin D (\(D_2\) or \(D_3\)) is essential for intestinal calcium and phosphorus absorption. Deficiency leads to rickets (children — bowed legs, soft bones) and osteomalacia (adults — bone pain, fractures). Milk is fortified with \(400\text{–}600\;\text{IU/quart}\) Vitamin D in the US.