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Journalism / Mass Communication QUESTION #6361
Question 1
The Authoritarian Theory of the press, as discussed in media theory, holds that media should be controlled by the state. Which of the following features is MOST characteristic of this theory?
  • The press is free from censorship and accountable only to the law
  • The government is superior to media institutions, and no printing should undermine established authority✔️
  • The media is a collective agitator and propagandist tied to communist ideology
  • The media must show truth, accuracy, and objectivity while being self-regulated
Correct Answer Explanation

The four classic press theories are Authoritarian, Libertarian, Soviet/Communist, and Social Responsibility. The Authoritarian Theory predates democratic societies. Its key features include:

  • Direct governmental control of all media
  • No content that challenges the established political authority is permitted
  • Media professionals have no independence within their organisations
  • The state registers and licenses media outlets
  • Punishments for questioning state ideology

This theory is “typical of pre-democratic societies where government consists of a very limited ruling class.” It is designed to protect the established social order. Option C describes the Soviet Theory; Option D describes the Social Responsibility Theory; Option A describes the Libertarian Theory.