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Chemistry QUESTION #1093

Which of the following are paramagnetic? A. [NiCl$_4$]$^{2-}$ B. Ni(CO)$_4$ C. [Ni(CN)$_4$]$^{2-}$ D. [Ni(H$_2$O)$_6$]$^{2+}$ E. Ni(PPh$_3$)$_4$

A and D only✔️
A, D and E only
A and C only
B and E only

Correct Answer Logic:

Ni$^{2+}$ is [Ar]3d$^8$. Paramagnetic if unpaired electrons: A: [NiCl$_4$]$^{2-}$: Cl$^-$ is weak field → tetrahedral, sp$^3$, 2 unpaired → paramagnetic ✓. B: Ni(CO)$_4$: Ni(0), CO is strong field → d$^{10}$, diamagnetic. C: [Ni(CN)$_4$]$^{2-}$: CN$^-$ strong field → square planar, dsp$^2$, 0 unpaired → diamagnetic. D: [Ni(H$_2$O)$_6$]$^{2+}$: H$_2$O weak field → octahedral, 2 unpaired → paramagnetic ✓. E: Ni(PPh$_3$)$_4$: Ni(0), d$^{10}$ → diamagnetic. Paramagnetic: A and D.

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Others section QUESTION #4699

Question 202

Who was the first recipient of the Gaddafi International Prize for Human Rights?

Hosni Mubarak
Nelson Mandela✔️
Rajiv Gandhi
Margaret Thatcher

Correct Answer Logic:

Nelson Mandela was named the first recipient of the Gaddafi International Prize for Human Rights in 1989 for his anti-apartheid struggle.

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Biology QUESTION #551

Question 203

_____ did not have the adaptations to remove the flooding of their cells in fresh water.

Both B, D
Hydrophytes✔️
None of B, D
Xerophytes

Correct Answer Logic:

Hydrophytes are adapted to prevent flooding

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General Knowledge QUESTION #276

Question 204

___________ is the Nigerian Currency.

Nigerian Dollar
Nigerian Lira
Nigerian Naira✔️
None of these

Correct Answer Logic:

The Naira (₦) is the official currency of Nigeria.+1

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Paper-II (Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutics-I) QUESTION #3600

Question 205

Which method is most commonly used to extract volatile oils from plants?

Maceration
Steam Distillation✔️
Soxhlet Extraction
Cold Pressing

Correct Answer Logic:

Steam distillation is the standard industrial method for capturing volatile oils.

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Professional QUESTION #1831

Question 206

Under Section 9(3), promotion to posts in basic pay scales 20 and 21 and equivalent shall be made on the recommendations of a Selection Board. Who heads this Selection Board?

The Federal Secretary of the relevant Ministry
The Chief Secretary of the concerned Province
The Chairman, Federal Public Service Commission✔️
The Principal Accounting Officer of the Ministry

Correct Answer Logic:

Section 9(3) added by Ordinance No. XLIII of 2000 specifies that promotion to posts in BPS-20 and 21 and equivalent shall be made on the recommendations of a Selection Board which shall be headed by the Chairman, Federal Public Service Commission — not a Ministry or Division official.

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Statistics QUESTION #2012

Question 207

In the LSD (Least Significant Difference) test for comparing treatment means in ANOVA, two means $\bar{y}_i$ and $\bar{y}_j$ are declared significantly different if:

Their difference exceeds $t_{\alpha/2, df_E} \cdot s_e$
Their difference exceeds $t_{\alpha/2, df_E} \cdot \sqrt{\dfrac{2 MS_E}{b}}$✔️
Their difference exceeds $F_{\alpha, 1, df_E} \cdot MS_E$
Their difference exceeds $z_{\alpha/2} \cdot SE$

Correct Answer Logic:

The LSD test declares means significantly different if $|\bar{y}_i - \bar{y}_j| > LSD$, where $LSD = t_{\alpha/2, df_E} \cdot \sqrt{\dfrac{2 MS_E}{b}}$. This is the critical difference computed from the t-distribution with error degrees of freedom and the standard error of the difference between two means.

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Others section QUESTION #4714

Question 208

Antonio Guterres, appointed UN High Commissioner for Refugees in 2005, was formerly Prime Minister of which country?

Denmark
Romania
Canada
Portugal✔️

Correct Answer Logic:

António Guterres served as Prime Minister of Portugal from 1995 to 2002 before becoming UN High Commissioner for Refugees (2005–2015) and later UN Secretary-General.

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Paper-II (Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutics-I) QUESTION #2999

Question 209

A 'Mouthwash' is primarily used for its:

Systemic effect
Local effect on oral mucosa✔️
Nutritional value
Lubrication of the throat

Correct Answer Logic:

Mouthwashes are aqueous solutions used for their deodorant, antiseptic, or astringent action in the oral cavity.

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Accounting Finance and Punjab Sales Tax on Services QUESTION #2583

Question 210

Under the Offences and Penalties Schedule Entry No. 16, where a person causes intentional damage to the electronic invoice monitoring system or impedes transmission of invoice data to the Authority, upon conviction by a Special Judge, the term of imprisonment may extend to:

Six months
One year✔️
Three years
Five years

Correct Answer Logic:

Entry No. 16 provides that for intentional damage to or intervention in the electronic invoice monitoring system, upon conviction by a Special Judge, such person shall be liable to imprisonment for a term which may extend to ONE YEAR, or fine which may extend to the amount equal to the tax payable for the tax period, or with both.

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The Title 28 of the United States Code QUESTION #3746

Question 211

An individual wants to sue the government to challenge a new law that increases taxes on gasoline. The individual's only injury is that they pay $\text{\$50}$ more per year for gas. Does the individual have standing?

Yes, any taxpayer has standing to challenge any tax.
No, because the injury is a 'generalized grievance' shared by millions of others.✔️
Yes, because $\text{\$50}$ is a concrete 'injury in fact.'
No, because taxes are 'political questions.'

Correct Answer Logic:

Taxpayers generally lack standing to challenge government spending or taxing unless they can show a specific, concrete, and individualized injury. A small increase in gas tax shared by all drivers is a generalized grievance.

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Physics QUESTION #382

Question 212

The algebraic sum of potential changes in a closed circuit is zero is Kirchhoff's __________ rule.

First
Second✔️
Third
None of these

Correct Answer Logic:

This is Kirchhoff's voltage law (second rule)

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Sociology QUESTION #1669

Question 213

In Durkheim's typological analysis of suicide, which type is produced not by insufficient social integration, but by excessive regulation — where individuals feel their futures are blocked and their passions violently constrained by oppressive social norms?

Altruistic suicide
Egoistic suicide
Fatalistic suicide✔️
Anomic suicide

Correct Answer Logic:

Fatalistic suicide, briefly mentioned by Durkheim in 'Suicide' (1897) as the opposite of anomic suicide, results from excessive regulation — when social norms and controls are so oppressive that individuals feel they have no future and their passions are violently blocked. This contrasts with anomic suicide (too little regulation) and altruistic suicide (excessive integration).

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Pakistan Affairs QUESTION #129

Question 214

The second five-year plan in Pakistan was introduced in:

1957
1958
1960✔️
1962

Correct Answer Logic:

The Second Five-Year Plan (1960–1965) was a highly successful economic development plan.

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Paper-II (Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutics-I) QUESTION #2966

Question 215

What is the concentration of 'Normal Saline' (Sodium Chloride Intravenous Infusion)?

0.45% w/v
0.9% w/v✔️
5.0% w/v
10% w/v

Correct Answer Logic:

Normal saline is an isotonic solution containing $0.9\%$ w/v of Sodium Chloride.

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Professional QUESTION #1882

Question 216

Under Rule 4 which penalties disqualify a government servant from future employment?

Both removal and dismissal from service
Only removal from service
Only dismissal from service✔️
Compulsory retirement and dismissal both

Correct Answer Logic:

Rule 4(2) explicitly states: removal from service does NOT disqualify for future employment but dismissal from service DOES disqualify.

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Electrical Engineering QUESTION #2172

Question 217

For a silicon PN junction at $T=300\,\text{K}$ with $N_A = 10^{17}\,\text{cm}^{-3}$, $N_D = 10^{15}\,\text{cm}^{-3}$, $n_i = 1.5\times10^{10}\,\text{cm}^{-3}$, the built-in potential $V_{bi} = \frac{kT}{q}\ln\!\left(\frac{N_AN_D}{n_i^2}\right)$ is approximately:

$0.694\,\text{V}$✔️
$0.026\,\text{V}$
$1.12\,\text{V}$
$0.3\,\text{V}$

Correct Answer Logic:

$V_{bi} = 0.026\ln\!\left(\frac{10^{32}}{(1.5\times10^{10})^2}\right) = 0.026\ln(4.44\times10^{11}) = 0.026 \times 26.7 \approx 0.694\,\text{V}$.

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Paper-II (Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutics-I) QUESTION #3599

Question 218

Volatile oils are also known as 'Essential Oils' because:

They are essential for life
They possess the 'essence' or odor of the plant✔️
They are made of proteins
They never evaporate

Correct Answer Logic:

They are volatile in steam and provide the characteristic aroma of the plant.

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Federal Rules of Evidence (US) QUESTION #3783

Question 219

A defendant is charged with embezzlement. He calls a character witness to testify that the defendant has a reputation in the community for being 'an honest and law-abiding man.' The prosecution seeks to cross-examine this witness by asking, 'Are you aware that the defendant was fired from his last job for stealing from the cash register?' Is this question allowed?

No, because specific instances of conduct are generally inadmissible under Rule 405.
Yes, because the prosecution can use specific instances of conduct to test a character witness's knowledge on cross-examination.✔️
No, unless the prosecution has a certified copy of a conviction for that theft.
Yes, but the prosecution must prove the theft by extrinsic evidence if the witness denies knowing about it.

Correct Answer Logic:

Rule 405(a) allows the prosecution to inquire into relevant specific instances of the person's conduct during cross-examination of a character witness to test the witness's credibility and the basis for their opinion/reputation testimony.

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Paper-I (Anatomy/Physiology and Biochemistry/Microbiology) QUESTION #3310

Question 220

A 'Selective' culture medium is one that:

Allows all bacteria to grow
Inhibits the growth of some microbes while allowing others✔️
Changes color based on fermentation
Is made of only water

Correct Answer Logic:

Selective media (like MacConkey agar) help isolate specific groups of bacteria.

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