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Nursing QUESTION #9274

A 4-year-old child is admitted with painless, gross hematuria. Ultrasound shows a large unilateral intrarenal mass. The child appears otherwise well. The MOST likely diagnosis in this age group is:

Neuroblastoma
Wilms' Tumor (Nephroblastoma)✔️
Polycystic kidney disease
Renal cell carcinoma

Correct Answer Logic:

Wilms' Tumor (Nephroblastoma) — most common renal malignancy in children (peak age 3–4 years).

Classic presentation:

Asymptomatic abdominal mass (discovered by parent/during bath)
Painless gross hematuria
Hypertension (renin secretion)
Child appears well (unlike neuroblastoma — ill-appearing)

Important physical examination note: DO NOT palpate the abdominal mass repeatedly — risk of tumor capsule rupture and metastatic seeding.

Associations:

WAGR syndrome: Wilms' + Aniridia + Genitourinary anomalies + mental Retardation (WT1 gene mutation)
Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome
Hemihypertrophy

Staging and Treatment:

Stage	Description	Survival
I	Confined to kidney, completely resected	~95%
II–III	Regional extension	~85–90%
IV	Hematogenous mets (lung, liver)	~75%

Treatment: Nephrectomy + chemotherapy (actinomycin D, vincristine) ± radiotherapy. Wilms' has excellent prognosis — one of most curable solid tumors.

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Sociology QUESTION #1667

Question 3562

Pierre Bourdieu's concept of 'habitus' refers to a set of durable, transposable dispositions that shape perception, thought, and action. Which of the following most precisely captures what habitus describes?

The accumulation of culturally valued knowledge and credentials
The networks of social relationships that confer advantage
Internalized, embodied dispositions that are generated by one's social position and structural conditions✔️
The antagonism between competing social classes over economic resources

Correct Answer Logic:

Bourdieu's habitus is a system of durable, transposable dispositions — ways of perceiving, thinking, feeling, and acting — that are acquired through socialization in particular social positions and conditions. It is distinct from cultural capital (knowledge/credentials), social capital (networks), and economic capital (material resources), though all three interact with habitus.

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Security Measures to Maintain Law and Order QUESTION #873

Question 3563

Under Section 7, if a disaster occurs, ASF's power to "search and seize" extends to:

Only passengers
Anyone within aerodrome limits✔️
Only airline staff
Only suspected criminals

Correct Answer Logic:

The authority to maintain order and conduct searches applies to "any person" within the limits of the aerodrome.

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Paper-II (Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutics-I) QUESTION #3611

Question 3564

'Castor Oil' is obtained from the seeds of 'Ricinus communis'. It is used as a:

Potent Purgative✔️
Skin moisturizer only
Cooking oil
Flavoring agent

Correct Answer Logic:

Castor oil is a stimulant laxative.

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Paper-II (Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutics-I) QUESTION #3580

Question 3565

Which branch of Pharmacognosy deals with the history, commerce, selection, and preservation of crude drugs?

Ethnobotany
General Pharmacognosy✔️
Phytochemistry
Zoology

Correct Answer Logic:

General Pharmacognosy covers the broader aspects of crude drug management and history.

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Paper-II (Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutics-I) QUESTION #3637

Question 3566

A 'Carminative' is a drug that:

Relieves flatulence (gas) from the GI tract✔️
Cures cancer
Reduces fever
Causes vomiting

Correct Answer Logic:

Fennel, Cardamom, and Ginger are classic carminatives.

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Contracts QUESTION #5857

Question 3567

A Seller sends a shipment of 'FOB Buyer’s Warehouse.' When does the risk of loss pass to the Buyer?

When the Seller delivers the goods to the carrier.
When the goods reach the Buyer’s warehouse and are tendered to the Buyer.✔️
When the Buyer pays for the goods.
When the goods are manufactured.

Correct Answer Logic:

A 'Destination Contract' (FOB Place of Destination) shifts the risk of loss to the buyer only when the goods are duly tendered at the specified destination.

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Islamic Studies QUESTION #213

Question 3568

What was the primary source of law during the time of the Prophet (ﷺ)?

The Qur’an and Hadith✔️
The Qur'an Only
Consensus (Ijma)
None of these

Correct Answer Logic:

Divine revelation and the Prophet's (ﷺ) practices were the foundations of law.

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Physics QUESTION #7338

Question 3569

A missile is fired for maximum range with initial velocity $20\text{ m/s}$ ($g = 10\text{ m/s}^2$). The range of the missile is:

40 m✔️
50 m
60 m
20 m

Correct Answer Logic:

Maximum range occurs at $\theta = 45°$:

$R_{\max} = \dfrac{u^2}{g} = \dfrac{(20)^2}{10} = \mathbf{40\text{ m}}$

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General Knowledge QUESTION #8672

Question 3570

The water lily (Nymphaea) is the national symbol of which country?

Canada
China
Iran
India✔️

Correct Answer Logic:

The water lily is the national flower of Bangladesh, but among options India uses lotus. Key says D India.

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General Abilities QUESTION #4613

Question 3571

If $a = 3b - 2$ and $b = 4$, what is $a$?

$10$✔️
$14$
$6$
$5$

Correct Answer Logic:

Substitute $b=4$: $a = 3(4) - 2 = 12 - 2 = 10$

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General Abilities QUESTION #4497

Question 3572

What is $(-3)^4$?

$-81$
$81$✔️
$-12$
$12$

Correct Answer Logic:

$(-3)^4 = (-3) \times (-3) \times (-3) \times (-3) = 81$. Negative to even power is positive.

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Chemistry QUESTION #7398

Question 3573

The correct order of sizes for the following species is:

$\text{Ca}^{2+} < \text{K}^+ < \text{Ar} < \text{Cl}^- < \text{S}^{2-}$
$\text{Ar} < \text{Ca}^{2+} < \text{K}^+ < \text{Cl}^- < \text{S}^{2-}$
$\text{Ca}^{2+} < \text{Ar} < \text{K}^+ < \text{Cl}^- < \text{S}^{2-}$✔️
$\text{Ca}^{2+} < \text{K}^+ < \text{Ar} < \text{S}^{2-} < \text{Cl}^-$

Correct Answer Logic:

All species are isoelectronic (18 electrons).
Size decreases as nuclear charge increases (more protons pull same electrons closer):

$\text{Ca}^{2+}$: Z=20
$\text{Ar}$: Z=18
$\text{K}^+$: Z=19
$\text{Cl}^-$: Z=17
$\text{S}^{2-}$: Z=16

Increasing size: $\text{Ca}^{2+} < \text{K}^+ < \text{Ar} < \text{Cl}^- < \text{S}^{2-}$

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Reading and Writing (Module-1) QUESTION #5451

Question 3574

Notes: Gregorian calendar (365 days) causes dates to fall on different weekdays each year. Hanke-Henry calendar (364 days) has dates on same weekday each year, supporting predictable scheduling. Which choice explains an advantage of Hanke-Henry?

Gregorian has 365 days, one day longer than Hanke-Henry.
Adopting Hanke-Henry would help solve a problem with Gregorian.
Designed so dates occur on same weekday each year, Hanke-Henry supports more predictable scheduling than Gregorian.✔️
Hanke-Henry was developed as an alternative to Gregorian, which is most-used.

Correct Answer Logic:

Option C directly states the advantage (same weekday ? predictable scheduling) and compares to Gregorian.

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Paper-I (Anatomy/Physiology and Biochemistry/Microbiology) QUESTION #3288

Question 3575

'HEPA' filters are used in pharmacy clean rooms to remove particles from:

Water
Air✔️
Oil
Glassware

Correct Answer Logic:

High-Efficiency Particulate Air (HEPA) filters remove $99.97\%$ of particles $\ge 0.3~\mu\text{m}$.

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Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics QUESTION #3829

Question 3576

A paediatric patient weighing $30$ kg is prescribed metronidazole $250$ mg every $8$ hours. Each mL of a $500\ \text{mg}/500\ \text{mL}$ ampoule contains $0.135\ \text{mmol/mL}$ sodium. What is the total sodium intake over $24$ hours?

$33.8$ mmol
$101.3$ mmol✔️
$202.5$ mmol
$1852$ mmol

Correct Answer Logic:

Three doses of $250$ mg each $= 3 \times 250\ \text{mL}$ of the solution. Volume per dose $= 250\ \text{mL}$, total $= 750\ \text{mL}$. Sodium $= 750 \times 0.135 = 101.3\ \text{mmol}$.

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Physics QUESTION #7079

Question 3577

Determine the pressure required at the ends of a steel wire (length $10\text{ cm}$) to maintain a constant length when the temperature is increased by $100^{\circ}\text{C}$. (Given: Steel Young's modulus $Y = 2 \times 10^{11}\text{ Nm}^{-2}$ and coefficient of thermal expansion $\alpha = 1.1 \times 10^{-5}\text{ K}^{-1}$)

$2.2 \times 10^{7}\text{ Pa}$
$2.2 \times 10^{6}\text{ Pa}$
$2.2 \times 10^{8}\text{ Pa}$✔️
$2.2 \times 10^{9}\text{ Pa}$

Correct Answer Logic:

The thermal stress required to keep the length constant is given by the formula:

$\text{Stress} = Y \alpha \Delta T$
Substituting the values: $\text{Stress} = (2 \times 10^{11}) \times (1.1 \times 10^{-5}) \times 100$
$\text{Stress} = 2.2 \times 10^{8}\text{ Pa}$

Pressure is equivalent to the stress applied at the ends.

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Paper-I (Anatomy/Physiology and Biochemistry/Microbiology) QUESTION #3299

Question 3578

'Active Immunity' differs from 'Passive Immunity' because it involves:

Injection of pre-formed antibodies
The body's own production of antibodies and memory cells✔️
A short duration of protection
No immune response

Correct Answer Logic:

Active immunity is slower to develop but provides long-lasting protection.

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Civil Engineering QUESTION #6573

Question 3579

Minor losses in pipe flow are those that are:

Small in absolute magnitude
Caused by local disturbances due to fittings such as valves, bends, and contractions✔️
Caused purely by pipe wall friction
Dependent only on the length of the pipeline

Correct Answer Logic:

Minor losses arise from local flow disturbances at fittings, bends, valves, and expansions. They are expressed as $h_L = K\frac{V^2}{2g}$, where $K$ is a loss coefficient specific to each fitting.

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General Knowledge QUESTION #4778

Question 3580

What is the name of Sri Lanka's official currency?

Rupiyah
Lek
Ringgit
Sri Lankan Rupee✔️

Correct Answer Logic:

The official currency of Sri Lanka is the Sri Lankan Rupee (LKR), which has been in use since 1872. Lek is Albanian, Ringgit is Malaysian.

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