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Paper-II (Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutics-I) QUESTION #3600

Question 11221

Which method is most commonly used to extract volatile oils from plants?

Maceration
Steam Distillation✔️
Soxhlet Extraction
Cold Pressing

Correct Answer Logic:

Steam distillation is the standard industrial method for capturing volatile oils.

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The Constitution of Pakistan QUESTION #9345

Question 11222

Under Article 189, decisions of the Federal Constitutional Court on questions of law are binding on which courts?

Only High Courts and courts subordinate to them
All other courts in Pakistan, including the Supreme Court✔️
The Supreme Court and all courts below it
Only courts subordinate to the Federal Constitutional Court

Correct Answer Logic:

Article 189(1) (as substituted by the 27th Amendment 2025) states that decisions of the Federal Constitutional Court on questions of law 'shall be binding on all other courts in Pakistan including the Supreme Court.' This reflects the FCC's superior position on constitutional questions post-2025.

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English QUESTION #8337

Question 11223

She felt _______ when she went on stage.

nervous✔️
anxious
worried
agitated

Correct Answer Logic:

'Nervous' best describes stage fright.

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English QUESTION #8537

Question 11224

The synonym of 'Radiant' is:

Glowing✔️
Glittering
Flickering
Dimming

Correct Answer Logic:

Radiant means shining or glowing brightly.

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Professional QUESTION #1820

Question 11225

Which of the following categories of persons is expressly EXCLUDED from the definition of 'civil servant' under Section 2(b) of the Civil Servants Act 1973?

A member of an All-Pakistan Service
A person holding a civil post connected with defence
A person employed on contract or on work-charged basis✔️
A person holding a permanent post in a civil service of the Federation

Correct Answer Logic:

Section 2(b) provides that a civil servant does not include: (i) a person on deputation from a Province; (ii) a person employed on contract, work-charged basis, or paid from contingencies; or (iii) a worker/workman under the Factories Act 1934 or Workman's Compensation Act 1923. Contract and work-charged employees are explicitly excluded.

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Agriculture Economics QUESTION #11862

Question 11226

Stage II of production, the economically rational stage, is defined by the range over which:

$MPP$ is negative
$MPP$ is above $APP$
$MPP$ is positive but below $APP$, and above zero✔️
$APP$ is rising

Correct Answer Logic:

Stage II runs from the point where $MPP = APP$ down to where $MPP = 0$ — output still rises but at a diminishing rate.

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Paper-I (Anatomy/Physiology and Biochemistry/Microbiology) QUESTION #3261

Question 11227

'Renal Threshold' for glucose is the blood concentration at which:

Glucose starts to be stored
Glucose appears in the urine✔️
Insulin stops working
The kidney shuts down

Correct Answer Logic:

If blood sugar exceeds $\approx 180\text{ mg/dL}$, the PCT cannot reabsorb it all.

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Chemistry QUESTION #1442

Question 11228

Which of the following is stereospecific?

Free radical substitution
SN2 reaction
E2 reaction with anti-periplanar elimination✔️
None of these

Correct Answer Logic:

Both SN2 and E2 reactions are stereospecific. However, E2 elimination with anti-periplanar geometry is classically cited as the stereospecific example — the leaving group and the $\beta$-hydrogen must be anti-periplanar (180°). This strict geometric requirement means only specific stereoisomers of the substrate produce specific stereoisomers of the product. SN2 also shows inversion (Walden inversion), making it stereospecific too, but option (C) is the most precise answer as written.

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General Knowledge QUESTION #4826

Question 11229

The largest island in the Indian Ocean is which of the following?

Sri Lanka
Sumatra
Madagascar✔️
Borneo

Correct Answer Logic:

Madagascar is the largest island in the Indian Ocean, with an area of approximately 587,041 square kilometers. It is also the world's fourth-largest island overall.

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Maths QUESTION #7984

Question 11230

What is the set of all prime numbers from 60 to 80?

{61}
{61, 41}
{61, 71}
{61, 67, 71}✔️

Correct Answer Logic:

Prime numbers between 60 and 80:

61 ✓ (prime)
67 ✓ (prime)
71 ✓ (prime)
73 ✓ (prime)

The option listing {61, 67, 71} is the closest correct subset. (73 should also be included but is not listed as a distinct option.)

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General Knowledge QUESTION #8694

Question 11231

The Kyoto Protocol is an international treaty related to which issue?

Refugees
Human Rights
Child Labour
Environment (climate change)✔️

Correct Answer Logic:

The Kyoto Protocol addresses greenhouse gas emissions.

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Home Economics QUESTION #6271

Question 11232

Which term describes the 'head-to-toe' pattern of physical development in infants?

Hierarchical
Proximodistal
Differentiation
Cephalocaudal✔️

Correct Answer Logic:

Cephalocaudal development means growth and motor control proceed from the head downward to the feet.

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Business, Public administration and Policy QUESTION #10496

Question 11233

Woodrow Wilson contended that government agencies would perform their functions more efficiently by:

Adopting business principles of the private sector✔️
Combining administration and politics
Rejecting the business model entirely
Decentralizing administrative authority

Correct Answer Logic:

Woodrow Wilson, in his 1887 essay The Study of Administration, argued for the politics-administration dichotomy — that administration should be separated from politics and run on efficient business-like principles. He believed that importing private sector management techniques into government would make agencies more effective, productive, and accountable.

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Reading and Writing (Module-1) QUESTION #5439

Question 11234

Ancestral Puebloans dispersed in late 1200s, abandoning villages. Turkey remains at Mesa Verde share genetic markers with modern Rio Grande turkeys after 1280. Thus, researchers concluded that ____

terrain conditions in Rio Grande and Mesa Verde were more similar in the past.
some Ancestral Puebloans migrated to Rio Grande Valley in late 1200s with farming practices.✔️
Rio Grande peoples primarily planted crops and didn't cultivate turkeys before 1280.
Mesa Verde Puebloans adopted farming practices from other regions.

Correct Answer Logic:

Shared genetic markers after 1280 suggest migration of turkeys (and likely people) from Mesa Verde to Rio Grande.

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Security Measures to Maintain Law and Order QUESTION #7676

Question 11235

Which of the following is a major objective of the National Internal Security Policy?

Promotion of tax reforms
Protection of critical infrastructure and public places✔️
Establishment of foreign embassies
None of these

Correct Answer Logic:

The National Internal Security Policy of Pakistan focuses on protecting critical infrastructure, public places, and citizens from terrorism and security threats. It aims to strengthen internal security through counter-terrorism, law enforcement, and protection of vital installations.

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General Knowledge QUESTION #11528

Question 11236

Which hardware resource is most commonly shared across local computer networks?

Printers✔️
Speakers
Floppy disk drives
Keyboards

Correct Answer Logic:

Printers are the most commonly shared resources on a network. Network printing allows multiple computers to send jobs to a single shared printer, reducing cost and space. Other commonly shared resources include file servers, internet connections, and scanners. Keyboards and speakers are personal devices.

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General Knowledge QUESTION #11466

Question 11237

The smallest unit of data in computing, a 'bit', is short for:

Small
Character
Byte
Binary Digit✔️

Correct Answer Logic:

A bit is short for Binary Digit — the most fundamental unit of information in computing. A bit can have only two values: 0 or 1. All digital data — text, images, audio, video — is ultimately stored and processed as sequences of bits.

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Academic/Professional (Social Sciences) QUESTION #6489

Question 11238

Which sociological perspective views society as a system of interrelated parts designed to promote stability?

Conflict Perspective
Symbolic Interactionism
Structural Functionalism✔️
Post-Modernism

Correct Answer Logic:

Functionalism posits that social institutions work together to maintain social order and equilibrium.

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Professional QUESTION #1821

Question 11239

According to Section 2(a), an 'ad hoc appointment' is defined as appointment of a duly qualified person made otherwise than in accordance with the prescribed method of recruitment, pending what?

Completion of probation period
Recruitment in accordance with such method✔️
Approval of the Federal Public Service Commission
Issuance of a formal notification by the President

Correct Answer Logic:

Section 2(a) defines an ad hoc appointment as the appointment of a duly qualified person made otherwise than in accordance with the prescribed method of recruitment, pending recruitment in accordance with such method. It is thus a temporary arrangement until regular recruitment is completed.

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Chemistry QUESTION #5541

Question 11240

The elementary reaction $2A + B_2 \to 2AB$ occurs in a vessel. If the volume is reduced by a factor of 3, by what factor does the reaction rate increase? (Round to nearest integer)

9
27✔️
3
18

Correct Answer Logic:

For elementary reactions, rate = $k[A]^2[B_2]$. When volume is reduced by factor 3, all concentrations increase by factor 3: $[A]_{\text{new}} = 3[A]$, $[B_2]_{\text{new}} = 3[B_2]$. New rate $= k(3[A])^2(3[B_2]) = 9\times3\times k[A]^2[B_2] = 27\times$ (original rate). The rate increases by a factor of 27.

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