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Dairy Food Science and Technology QUESTION #5997

The 'water holding capacity' (WHC) of yoghurt gel is related to:

Total fat content of the milk used
The protein network density, degree of cross-linking, and porosity of the casein gel — determined by pre-heat treatment of milk (denatured $\beta$-Lg plugs gel pores), fermentation $\text{pH}$, and protein concentration✔️
The amount of starter culture added
Incubation temperature above $45^{\circ}\text{C}$

Correct Answer Logic:

WHC of yoghurt gel determines syneresis susceptibility. High WHC $=$ less syneresis. WHC is improved by: high heat treatment of milk ($90\text{–}95^{\circ}\text{C}/5\text{–}10\;\text{min}$) — denatured $\beta$-Lg associates with $\kappa$-casein increasing network density; higher protein concentration (SMP fortification); slower acidification; EPS-producing strains.

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General Knowledge QUESTION #8974

Question 2

Which planet has the shortest day (shortest rotation period)?

Earth
Jupiter✔️
Venus
Pluto

Correct Answer Logic:

Jupiter rotates in about 10 hours.

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Egnlish QUESTION #670

Question 3

"The Scarlet Letter" is set in:

17th-century Boston✔️
18th-century London
19th-century New York
16th-century Paris

Correct Answer Logic:

Nathaniel Hawthorne's novel is set in the Puritan Massachusetts Bay Colony.

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Paper-II (Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutics-I) QUESTION #3612

Question 4

Which oil is a 'Fixed Oil' obtained from animal sources?

Almond oil
Cod Liver Oil✔️
Olive oil
Coconut oil

Correct Answer Logic:

Cod liver oil is a rich source of Vitamin A and D.

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Accounting & Finance QUESTION #9641

Question 5

From the Creditors Account: Opening Creditors Rs. 7,600; Cash Paid to Creditors Rs. 20,000; Discount Received Rs. 500; Returns Outward Rs. 2,400; Closing Creditors Rs. 9,500. What is the amount of Credit Purchases?

Rs. 24,800✔️
Rs. 24,300
Rs. 22,000
Rs. 26,400

Correct Answer Logic:

Credit Purchases = Closing Creditors + Cash Paid + Discount Received + Returns Outward – Opening Creditors = 9,500 + 20,000 + 500 + 2,400 – 7,600 = Rs. 24,800.

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Paper-I (Anatomy/Physiology and Biochemistry/Microbiology) QUESTION #3183

Question 6

The 'ABO' blood group system is based on the presence of:

Antibodies on the RBC surface
Antigens on the RBC surface✔️
Hemoglobin in the plasma
Iron in the bones

Correct Answer Logic:

Blood type is determined by specific glycolipid antigens (A and B) on the surface of erythrocytes.

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Physics QUESTION #4388

Question 7

A projectile is launched in air with a certain angle; its velocity is maximum at:

Point of projection✔️
Highest point
Between launching and highest point
At all points

Correct Answer Logic:

At the point of projection, the projectile has both horizontal and vertical components of velocity. At the highest point, only the horizontal component remains. Since speed is greatest at the launch point, velocity magnitude is maximum there.

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Therapeutics and Patient Care QUESTION #3874

Question 8

Which topical agent is supported by evidence as a recommended treatment option for the pain associated with herpes zoster (shingles)?

Topical betamethasone dipropionate
Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS)
Topical capsaicin✔️
Topical tretinoin

Correct Answer Logic:

Topical capsaicin depletes substance P from cutaneous nerve endings and has evidence supporting its use in post-herpetic neuralgia.

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Urdu QUESTION #5274

Question 9

نظم 'ساقی نامہ' کس صنف میں لکھی گئی ہے؟

مسدس
مثنوی✔️
آزاد نظم
نثری نظم

Correct Answer Logic:

علامہ اقبال کی نظم ساقی نامہ مثنوی کی ہیئت میں لکھی گئی ہے۔

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Chemistry QUESTION #1084

Question 10

Match List-I with List-II for types of solutions: (A) Humidity (B) Alloys (C) Amalgams (D) Smoke; with (I) Solid in solid (II) Liquid in gas (III) Solid in gas (IV) Liquid in solid

A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II
A-III, B-II, C-I, D-IV
A-II, B-IV, C-I, D-III✔️
A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III

Correct Answer Logic:

Humidity = water vapour (liquid) dissolved in air (gas) → Liquid in gas (II). Alloys = solid metals dissolved in solid → Solid in solid (I)... wait alloys can be solid in liquid or solid in solid. Mercury amalgams = solid/liquid metal dissolved in mercury (liquid) → Liquid in solid (IV)... Smoke = solid particles in gas → Solid in gas (III). Matching: A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III.

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Chemistry QUESTION #1420

Question 11

In an electrolytic cell:

Electrons move from cathode to anode
The anode is negative
Energy is consumed to drive the reaction✔️
None of these

Correct Answer Logic:

In an electrolytic cell, electrical energy is supplied from an external source to drive a non-spontaneous chemical reaction (electrolysis). The anode is positive (oxidation occurs) and cathode is negative (reduction occurs) — the opposite of a galvanic cell. Electrons flow from the external power source into the cathode. Energy is consumed, not produced.

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Biology Zoology Botany QUESTION #1340

Question 12

The pigment(s) that contain various forms of iron is/are:

Myoglobin
Hemoglobin
Both (A) & (B)✔️
None of these

Correct Answer Logic:

Both myoglobin and hemoglobin are iron-containing heme proteins. Myoglobin is an oxygen-storing protein found in muscle tissue containing a single heme group with Fe$^{2+}$. Hemoglobin is the oxygen-carrying protein in red blood cells with four heme groups, each containing Fe$^{2+}$ (oxy) or Fe$^{3+}$ (met-form). Both contain iron in their porphyrin (heme) rings.

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Urdu QUESTION #5305

Question 13

اداس نسلیں کس کا ناول ہے؟

احمد ندیم قاسمی
عبداللہ حسین✔️
پریم چند
ان میں سے کوئی نہیں

Correct Answer Logic:

اداس نسلیں عبداللہ حسین کا مشہور ناول ہے جو تقسیمِ ہند کے المیے کو بیان کرتا ہے۔

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Civil Engineering QUESTION #6630

Question 14

The 'effective flange width' of a T-beam is limited primarily to account for:

Shear lag effects✔️
Concrete shrinkage
Torsional stiffness
The weight of the slab

Correct Answer Logic:

The flange of a T-beam does not experience uniform stress across its entire width due to shear lag; hence, an 'effective' width is used for design calculations.

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Islamic Studies QUESTION #629

Question 15

To which companion did the Prophet (ﷺ) give the title "Zunnurain"?

Hazrat Abu Bakr
Hazrat Umar
Hazrat Usman✔️
Hazrat Ali

Correct Answer Logic:

Hazrat Usman (رضي الله عنه) was called "Zunnurain" because he married two daughters of the Prophet (ﷺ).

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Civil Engineering QUESTION #6614

Question 16

A steel rod of area $A$ and length $L$ is fixed at both ends. If the temperature increases by $\Delta T$, the thermal stress induced is:

$E \alpha \Delta T$✔️
$E \alpha \Delta T / L$
$A E \alpha \Delta T$
Zero, as it is free to expand

Correct Answer Logic:

Thermal strain $\epsilon = \alpha \Delta T$. Since expansion is prevented (fixed ends), the stress is $\sigma = E \epsilon = E \alpha \Delta T$.

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Home Economics QUESTION #6292

Question 17

What is the primary characteristic of 'Non-Formal Education'?

It has no specific goals or objectives
It is flexible and learner-centered, often taking place outside schools✔️
It is highly structured and leads to a degree
It is only for children under the age of five

Correct Answer Logic:

Non-formal education, like extension, is organized but flexible and targeted at specific community needs.

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Math Physics Chemistry Biology QUESTION #4267

Question 18

Which part of the brain contains central chemoreceptors that monitor $CO_2$ levels in blood?

Pons
Midbrain
Hypothalamus
Medulla oblongata✔️

Correct Answer Logic:

The medulla oblongata contains central chemoreceptors that detect changes in $CO_2$ and pH of cerebrospinal fluid, regulating the breathing rate.

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Paper-II (Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutics-I) QUESTION #3679

Question 19

'Palisade cells' are a type of tissue found in:

Roots
Mesophyll of leaves✔️
Bark
Wood

Correct Answer Logic:

They contain chloroplasts and are studied in leaf microscopy.

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Civil / Architecture QUESTION #2354

Question 20

The Atterberg limit defining the minimum water content at which a soil behaves as a liquid (loses shear strength) and can be quantified by the Casagrande apparatus is:

Plastic Limit (PL)
Shrinkage Limit (SL)
Liquid Limit (LL)✔️
Flow Limit (FL)

Correct Answer Logic:

The Liquid Limit (LL) is the minimum water content at which a soil flows as a liquid under a small standardized shear force. It is determined using the Casagrande cup apparatus (25 blows to close a groove) or the cone penetrometer. The Plastic Limit (PL) is the minimum water content at which soil can be rolled into a 3 mm thread. The Plasticity Index PI = LL - PL.

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