shahzaib hassan
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shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
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Botany
Which type of vascular tissue is responsible for transporting sugars in plants?
A. Phloem.
B. Xylem.
C. Cambium.
D. Cortex.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Botany
What is the main component of plant cell walls?
A. Cellulose.
B. Chitin.
C. Starch.
D. Protein.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Botany
What type of asexual reproduction is common in strawberries?
A. Budding.
B. Fragmentation.
C. Binary fission.
D. Vegetative propagation.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Botany
What is the main difference between dicot and monocot seeds?
A. Number of leaves.
B. Type of root.
C. Number of cotyledons.
D. Leaf venation.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Botany
Which structure in the plant leaf is responsible for gas exchange?
A. Epidermis.
B. Stomata.
C. Cuticle.
D. Mesophyll.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Botany
What is the sugar produced during photosynthesis?
A. Fructose.
B. Glucose.
C. Sucrose.
D. Lactose.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Botany
Which of the following is an example of a xerophyte?
A. Water lily.
B. Cactus.
C. Rice plant.
D. Sunflower.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Botany
What is the primary function of the Casparian strip in roots?
A. Water absorption.
B. Nutrient storage.
C. Preventing backflow of water.
D. Gas exchange.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Botany
Which type of venation is commonly found in monocots?
A. Reticulate.
B. Parallel.
C. Palmate.
D. Pinnate.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Botany
What is the process by which plants convert nitrogen from the atmosphere into a form they can use?
A. Photosynthesis.
B. Nitrification.
C. Nitrogen fixation.
D. Denitrification.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Botany
Which plant hormone is associated with fruit ripening?
A. Abscisic acid.
B. Gibberellin.
C. Ethylene.
D. Cytokinin.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Botany
Which type of meristem is responsible for the secondary growth in plants?
A. Apical meristem.
B. Intercalary meristem.
C. Lateral meristem.
D. Basal meristem.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Botany
Which of the following is a gymnosperm?
A. Rose.
B. Fern.
C. Pine.
D. Mango.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Botany
What is the name of the mutualistic association between fungi and plant roots?
A. Lichen.
B. Mycorrhiza.
C. Rhizobium.
D. Endophyte.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Botany
In which tissue of a plant would you find vessels and tracheids?
A. Phloem.
B. Xylem.
C. Cambium.
D. Cortex.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Botany
Which of the following is a C4 plant known for its efficient photosynthesis in hot climates?
A. Wheat.
B. Rice.
C. Maize.
D. Potato.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Botany
What is the term for water loss in plants through small openings on the leaves?
A. Evaporation.
B. Transpiration.
C. Respiration.
D. Osmosis.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Botany
Which of the following plant hormones is responsible for cell elongation?
A. Cytokinins.
B. Ethylene.
C. Auxins.
D. Gibberellins.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Botany
In which part of the plant does the Calvin cycle occur?
A. Stroma of chloroplast.
B. Thylakoid membrane.
C. Cytoplasm.
D. Mitochondria.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Botany
What is the primary photosynthetic pigment in plants?
A. Carotenoids.
B. Xanthophylls.
C. Chlorophyll a.
D. Phycobilins.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Zoology
What is the function of chromatophores in cephalopods like octopuses?
A. Movement.
B. Camouflage.
C. Digestion.
D. Respiration.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Zoology
What is the term for animals that give birth to live young rather than laying eggs?
A. Oviparous.
B. Viviparous.
C. Ovoviviparous.
D. Parthenogenetic.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Zoology
Which of the following structures is unique to the respiratory system of birds?
A. Alveoli.
B. Air sacs.
C. Bronchioles.
D. Diaphragm.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Zoology
What is the major excretory product in aquatic animals like fish?
A. Urea.
B. Ammonia.
C. Uric acid.
D. Carbon dioxide.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Zoology
In which group of animals is external fertilization most common?
A. Reptiles.
B. Amphibians.
C. Birds.
D. Mammals.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Zoology
What is the primary function of hemolymph in arthropods?
A. Oxygen transport.
B. Nutrient transport.
C. Hormonal regulation.
D. Immune response.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Zoology
In mammals, what is the primary function of the diaphragm?
A. Blood circulation.
B. Digestion.
C. Respiration.
D. Excretion.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Zoology
Which of the following classes of animals contains members with a cartilaginous skeleton?
A. Amphibians.
B. Mammals.
C. Birds.
D. Chondrichthyes.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Zoology
Which of the following organ systems do echinoderms use for locomotion?
A. Muscular system.
B. Water vascular system.
C. Skeletal system.
D. Nervous system.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Zoology
What is the main nitrogenous waste excreted by birds and reptiles?
A. Ammonia.
B. Urea.
C. Uric acid.
D. Creatinine.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Zoology
What type of symmetry is found in adult echinoderms like sea stars?
A. Bilateral symmetry.
B. Radial symmetry.
C. Asymmetry.
D. Spherical symmetry.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Zoology
Which structure in the bird's digestive system is responsible for grinding food?
A. Gizzard.
B. Crop.
C. Stomach.
D. Cloaca.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Zoology
What type of reproduction is found in honeybees, where males develop from unfertilized eggs?
A. Parthenogenesis.
B. Sexual reproduction.
C. Asexual reproduction.
D. Binary fission.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Zoology
Which of the following animals is considered an example of an endothermic vertebrate?
A. Crocodile.
B. Lizard.
C. Bat.
D. Turtle.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Zoology
Which of the following is a characteristic of mammals but not of other vertebrates?
A. Cold-blooded.
B. Laying eggs.
C. Possessing mammary glands.
D. Having scales.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Zoology
What is the name of the larval stage of a frog?
A. Nymph.
B. Tadpole.
C. Caterpillar.
D. Pupa.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Zoology
In insects, which part of the body is primarily responsible for gas exchange?
A. Gills.
B. Lungs.
C. Tracheae.
D. Spiracles.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Zoology
Which hormone is secreted by the posterior pituitary gland and controls water balance in mammals?
A. Oxytocin.
B. ADH (Vasopressin).
C. Cortisol.
D. Prolactin.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Zoology
What is the primary function of nephridia in annelids?
A. Respiration.
B. Digestion.
C. Excretion.
D. Reproduction.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Zoology
Which of the following animal groups exhibits a closed circulatory system?
A. Arthropods.
B. Mollusks.
C. Annelids.
D. Echinoderms.
shahzaib hassan
CHEMISTRY
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Chemistry
What type of intermolecular force is the strongest?
A. London dispersion forces.
B. Dipole-dipole interactions.
C. Hydrogen bonding.
D. Van der Waals forces.
shahzaib hassan
CHEMISTRY
-
Chemistry
Which of the following processes occurs at the cathode in an electrolytic cell?
A. Oxidation.
B. Reduction.
C. Electrolysis.
D. Decomposition.
shahzaib hassan
CHEMISTRY
-
Chemistry
What is the empirical formula of a compound with 40% carbon, 6.7% hydrogen, and 53.3% oxygen by mass?
A. CHO.
B. CH2O.
C. C2H4O2.
D. C3H6O.
shahzaib hassan
CHEMISTRY
-
Chemistry
In a galvanic cell, what happens at the anode?
A. Oxidation.
B. Reduction.
C. Both oxidation and reduction.
D. No reaction.
shahzaib hassan
CHEMISTRY
-
Chemistry
Which of the following best describes a Lewis acid?
A. Donates electrons.
B. Accepts electrons.
C. Donates protons.
D. Accepts protons.
shahzaib hassan
CHEMISTRY
-
Chemistry
What is the coordination number of the central metal ion in the complex [Co(NH3)6]3+?
A. 3.
B. 6.
C. 4.
D. 2.
shahzaib hassan
CHEMISTRY
-
Chemistry
Which gas law explains the relationship between temperature and volume at constant pressure?
A. Boyle?s Law.
B. Charles? Law.
C. Avogadro?s Law.
D. Dalton?s Law.
shahzaib hassan
CHEMISTRY
-
Chemistry
What is the main characteristic of a buffer solution?
A. It changes pH drastically with added acid.
B. It maintains a constant pH.
C. It neutralizes only bases.
D. It reacts violently with strong acids.
shahzaib hassan
CHEMISTRY
-
Chemistry
Which of the following describes the process of reducing a ketone to an alcohol?
A. Oxidation.
B. Reduction.
C. Hydrolysis.
D. Dehydration.
shahzaib hassan
CHEMISTRY
-
Chemistry
What is the oxidation state of sulfur in sulfuric acid (H2SO4)?
A. 4.
B. 6.
C. -2.
D. 0.
shahzaib hassan
CHEMISTRY
-
Chemistry
Which type of radioactive decay results in the release of an electron from the nucleus?
A. Alpha decay.
B. Beta decay.
C. Gamma decay.
D. Positron emission.
shahzaib hassan
CHEMISTRY
-
Chemistry
Which of the following salts is insoluble in water?
A. NaCl.
B. KBr.
C. AgCl.
D. LiNO3.
shahzaib hassan
CHEMISTRY
-
Chemistry
What is the major product when 2-butene undergoes hydrogenation in the presence of a platinum catalyst?
A. 1-butene.
B. Butane.
C. Butyne.
D. Benzene.
shahzaib hassan
CHEMISTRY
-
Chemistry
Which element has the highest electronegativity?
A. Fluorine.
B. Oxygen.
C. Chlorine.
D. Nitrogen.
shahzaib hassan
CHEMISTRY
-
Chemistry
What is the relationship between pressure and volume for a gas at constant temperature, according to Boyle's Law?
A. Directly proportional.
B. Inversely proportional.
C. Independent.
D. Exponentially proportional.
shahzaib hassan
CHEMISTRY
-
Chemistry
Which process describes the conversion of a liquid to a gas at a temperature below its boiling point?
A. Sublimation.
B. Condensation.
C. Evaporation.
D. Freezing.
shahzaib hassan
CHEMISTRY
-
Chemistry
Which of the following molecules exhibits hydrogen bonding?
A. CH4.
B. HCl.
C. NH3.
D. CCl4.
shahzaib hassan
CHEMISTRY
-
Chemistry
What is the hybridization of the carbon atoms in ethene (C2H4)?
A. sp.
B. sp2.
C. sp3.
D. sp3d.
shahzaib hassan
CHEMISTRY
-
Chemistry
Which of the following is an example of a strong acid?
A. Acetic acid.
B. Hydrochloric acid.
C. Ammonia.
D. Water.
shahzaib hassan
CHEMISTRY
-
Chemistry
What is the molecular geometry of methane (CH4) according to VSEPR theory?
A. Trigonal planar.
B. Tetrahedral.
C. Linear.
D. Octahedral.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Biology
What is the role of the myelin sheath in neurons?
A. It stores neurotransmitters.
B. It generates action potentials.
C. It insulates the axon and speeds up signal transmission.
D. It receives signals from other neurons.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Biology
What structure in the human body is responsible for filtering blood and producing urine?
A. Liver.
B. Lungs.
C. Kidneys.
D. Pancreas.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Biology
Which of the following molecules serves as the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain?
A. Oxygen.
B. Glucose.
C. NADH.
D. Carbon dioxide.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Biology
What is the primary role of B lymphocytes in the immune response?
A. Phagocytosis.
B. Antibody production.
C. Inflammation.
D. Cell-mediated immunity.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Biology
What is the primary function of the large intestine in the digestive system?
A. Absorbing nutrients.
B. Breaking down food.
C. Absorbing water.
D. Producing bile.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Biology
Which hormone is responsible for regulating the sleep-wake cycle in humans?
A. Melatonin.
B. Cortisol.
C. Insulin.
D. Glucagon.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Biology
What type of immunity involves the production of antibodies in response to an antigen?
A. Innate immunity.
B. Active immunity.
C. Passive immunity.
D. Cellular immunity.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Biology
Which process results in the production of lactic acid during anaerobic respiration in humans?
A. Glycolysis.
B. Krebs cycle.
C. Electron transport chain.
D. Fermentation.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Biology
Which organelle is primarily involved in detoxification and lipid synthesis?
A. Rough ER.
B. Smooth ER.
C. Golgi apparatus.
D. Lysosome.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Biology
What type of bond holds the two strands of DNA together?
A. Covalent bonds.
B. Ionic bonds.
C. Hydrogen bonds.
D. Peptide bonds.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Biology
Which of the following structures is responsible for the production of ribosomes?
A. Endoplasmic reticulum.
B. Golgi apparatus.
C. Nucleolus.
D. Lysosome.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Biology
In which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?
A. G1 phase.
B. G2 phase.
C. M phase.
D. S phase.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Biology
What is the role of insulin in the human body?
A. Raises blood sugar levels.
B. Lowers blood sugar levels.
C. Breaks down proteins.
D. Enhances lipid metabolism.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Biology
Which part of the neuron is responsible for transmitting signals to other cells?
A. Dendrites.
B. Axon.
C. Soma.
D. Myelin sheath.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Biology
What type of cell division results in the production of gametes?
A. Mitosis.
B. Meiosis.
C. Binary fission.
D. Budding.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Biology
Which of the following best describes the function of tRNA during protein synthesis?
A. It synthesizes mRNA.
B. It carries amino acids to the ribosome.
C. It forms the ribosome.
D. It catalyzes peptide bond formation.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Biology
What is the primary function of hemoglobin in the body?
A. Transporting nutrients.
B. Carrying oxygen.
C. Fighting infections.
D. Digesting food.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Biology
Which process describes the movement of water across a semi-permeable membrane?
A. Diffusion.
B. Osmosis.
C. Active transport.
D. Facilitated diffusion.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Biology
In the human body, which enzyme is primarily responsible for the digestion of proteins?
A. Amylase.
B. Lipase.
C. Pepsin.
D. Lactase.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Biology
Which of the following is responsible for the majority of ATP production in a eukaryotic cell?
A. Cytoplasm.
B. Mitochondria.
C. Ribosomes.
D. Nucleus.
shahzaib hassan
PHYSICS
-
Laboratory Methods
What type of pump is commonly used for creating high-vacuum conditions?
A. Rotary vane.
B. Diaphragm.
C. Diffusion.
D. Turbomolecular.
shahzaib hassan
PHYSICS
-
Laboratory Methods
In chromatography, what does the term "retention time" describe?
A. Time to separate components.
B. Time to detect components.
C. Time for solvent to pass.
D. Time for sample to prepare.
shahzaib hassan
PHYSICS
-
Laboratory Methods
What is the purpose of a laboratory's fume hood?
A. Ventilate the room.
B. Protect equipment.
C. Contain chemical spills.
D. Prevent fires.
shahzaib hassan
PHYSICS
-
Laboratory Methods
Which radiation source is commonly used in X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy?
A. Radioisotopes.
B. Synchrotron.
C. X-ray tube.
D. Laser.
shahzaib hassan
PHYSICS
-
Laboratory Methods
What material property affects the resolution of an optical microscope?
A. Refractive index.
B. Numerical aperture.
C. Reflectivity.
D. Conductivity.
shahzaib hassan
PHYSICS
-
Laboratory Methods
In interferometry, what does the term "fringe visibility" describe?
A. Intensity of fringes.
B. Spacing between fringes.
C. Contrast between fringes.
D. Number of fringes.
shahzaib hassan
PHYSICS
-
Laboratory Methods
What type of error occurs when equipment is improperly calibrated?
A. Systematic.
B. Random.
C. Human.
D. Instrumental.
shahzaib hassan
PHYSICS
-
Laboratory Methods
What is the purpose of degassing a vacuum system?
A. Remove moisture.
B. Reduce pressure.
C. Eliminate air leaks.
D. Increase temperature.
shahzaib hassan
PHYSICS
-
Laboratory Methods
Which type of detector is commonly used in gas chromatography?
A. Photodiode.
B. Thermocouple.
C. Ionization.
D. Piezoelectric.
shahzaib hassan
PHYSICS
-
Laboratory Methods
What is the function of a laboratory thermometer's emergent stem?
A. Increase accuracy.
B. Reduce sensitivity.
C. Compensate for expansion.
D. Measure temperature differences.
shahzaib hassan
PHYSICS
-
Laboratory Methods
In spectroscopy, what does the term "wavenumber" represent?
A. Frequency of light.
B. Wavelength of light.
C. Energy of photon.
D. Distance between peaks.
shahzaib hassan
PHYSICS
-
Laboratory Methods
What type of radiation is most effectively blocked by lead shielding?
A. Alpha.
B. Beta.
C. Gamma.
D. Ultraviolet.
shahzaib hassan
PHYSICS
-
Laboratory Methods
Which material is commonly used for optical windows due to its high transmission rate in the visible spectrum?
A. Quartz.
B. Glass.
C. Plastic.
D. Copper.
shahzaib hassan
PHYSICS
-
Laboratory Methods
What is the primary purpose of using a Faraday cage in laboratory experiments?
A. Reduce electromagnetic radiation.
B. Increase electrical conductivity.
C. Enhance magnetic field.
D. Amplify radio signals.
shahzaib hassan
PHYSICS
-
Special Relativity
What role does simultaneity play in understanding events in different frames?
A. .
B. It shows events are absolute.
C. .
D. It shows events depend on motion.
shahzaib hassan
PHYSICS
-
Special Relativity
In special relativity, what happens during collisions at relativistic speeds?
A. .
B. More energy is released.
C. .
D. Less energy is released.
shahzaib hassan
PHYSICS
-
Special Relativity
How does special relativity explain why nothing can travel faster than light?
A. Light has no mass.
B. Light has infinite energy.
C. Light travels through space differently.
D. .
shahzaib hassan
PHYSICS
-
Special Relativity
What does "rest mass" refer to?
A. Mass when moving.
B. Mass when not moving.
C. Mass when heated.
D. Mass when cold.
shahzaib hassan
PHYSICS
-
Special Relativity
What happens to an observer's perception of distance as they approach light speed?
A. Distances appear shorter.
B. Distances appear longer.
C. Distances stay the same.
D. Distances disappear.
shahzaib hassan
PHYSICS
-
Special Relativity
How does special relativity affect our understanding of space and time?
A. They are separate entities.
B. They are interconnected.
C. They do not exist.
D. They are always constant.
shahzaib hassan
PHYSICS
-
Special Relativity
What is the Lorentz factor?
A. A measure of energy.
B. A measure of time.
C. A factor that describes how much time and length change due to speed.
D. A measure of mass.
shahzaib hassan
PHYSICS
-
Special Relativity
How does gravity affect light according to general relativity?
A. Light bends around heavy objects.
B. Light speeds up near heavy objects.
C. Light slows down everywhere.
D. Light disappears near heavy objects.
shahzaib hassan
PHYSICS
-
Special Relativity
What is simultaneity in special relativity?
A. Events happen at different times for everyone.
B. Events happen at the same time for everyone.
C. Events never happen.
D. Events only happen in space.
shahzaib hassan
PHYSICS
-
Special Relativity
In special relativity, what is an inertial frame?
A. A moving frame.
B. A non-accelerating frame.
C. A rotating frame.
D. A stationary frame.
shahzaib hassan
PHYSICS
-
Special Relativity
What is length contraction?
A. Objects get longer.
B. Objects get shorter.
C. Objects stay the same.
D. Objects disappear.
shahzaib hassan
PHYSICS
-
Special Relativity
If two observers are moving relative to each other, what do they see regarding each other's clocks?
A. Both clocks run at the same rate.
B. Both clocks run slower than each other.
C. One clock runs faster.
D. Clocks don't exist.
shahzaib hassan
PHYSICS
-
Special Relativity
What is time dilation?
A. Time getting shorter.
B. Time getting longer.
C. Time staying the same.
D. Time disappearing.
shahzaib hassan
PHYSICS
-
Special Relativity
What happens to an object's mass as it approaches the speed of light?
A. Mass decreases.
B. Mass increases.
C. Mass stays the same.
D. Mass becomes negative.
shahzaib hassan
PHYSICS
-
Special Relativity
What does E=mc? represent?
A. Energy equals mass times speed.
B. Energy equals mass times light speed squared.
C. Energy equals mass plus speed.
D. Energy equals mass divided by speed.
shahzaib hassan
PHYSICS
-
Special Relativity
What is the principle of relativity?
A. Laws of physics are the same for all observers.
B. Objects can change shape.
C. Time is always constant.
D. Speed is always the same.
shahzaib hassan
PHYSICS
-
Special Relativity
According to Einstein's theory, what happens to time as an object approaches the speed of light?
A. Time slows down.
B. Time speeds up.
C. Time stays the same.
D. Time reverses.
shahzaib hassan
PHYSICS
-
Special Relativity
What is the speed of light in a vacuum?
A. 300,000 km/s.
B. 150,000 km/s.
C. 450,000 km/s.
D. 600,000 km/s.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Genetics
If an individual has two identical alleles for a trait, they are said to be:
A. Heterozygous.
B. Homozygous.
C. Dominant.
D. Recessive.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Genetics
What is the role of tRNA in translation?
A. It carries the genetic code.
B. It brings amino acids to the ribosome.
C. It forms part of the ribosome.
D. It helps in DNA replication.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Genetics
Which of the following best explains why siblings can look different from each other?
A. Independent assortment during meiosis.
B. Mitosis.
C. The same alleles from both parents.
D. Mutations in somatic cells.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Genetics
What term describes a change in the sequence of DNA?
A. Mutation.
B. Translation.
C. Transcription.
D. Segregation.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Genetics
What is the purpose of a Punnett square in genetics?
A. To sequence DNA.
B. To predict possible offspring genotypes.
C. To replicate genes.
D. To measure DNA mutation rates.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Genetics
In genetic terms, what is a recessive allele?
A. An allele that is always expressed.
B. An allele that is masked by a dominant allele.
C. An allele that causes mutations.
D. An allele found on a sex chromosome.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Genetics
Which type of RNA carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome?
A. rRNA.
B. tRNA.
C. mRNA.
D. miRNA.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Genetics
What kind of inheritance pattern is displayed when both alleles are equally expressed in a heterozygous organism?
A. Dominant-recessive.
B. Codominance.
C. Incomplete dominance.
D. Polygenic inheritance.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Genetics
What is the role of ribosomes in the cell?
A. They replicate DNA.
B. They synthesize proteins.
C. They store genetic information.
D. They transport materials.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Genetics
Which nitrogenous base is not found in RNA?
A. Adenine.
B. Thymine.
C. Guanine.
D. Cytosine.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Genetics
If a mutation occurs in a somatic cell, what is the consequence for the offspring?
A. Offspring will inherit the mutation.
B. The mutation will not be passed to offspring.
C. Offspring will be half mutated.
D. Offspring will only inherit it if they are male.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Genetics
The observable traits of an organism are called:
A. Genotype.
B. Phenotype.
C. Gamete.
D. Allele.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Genetics
What process separates alleles during gamete formation?
A. Meiosis.
B. Mitosis.
C. DNA replication.
D. Fertilization.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Genetics
In pea plants, tall (T) is dominant over short (t). If a homozygous tall plant (TT) is crossed with a short plant (tt), what will the offspring be?
A. All tall.
B. All short.
C. Half tall, half short.
D. 1 tall: 1 short.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Genetics
Which structure holds the genetic code and is found in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells?
A. Chromosome.
B. Ribosome.
C. Endoplasmic reticulum.
D. Golgi apparatus.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Genetics
What is the result of a cross between two heterozygous individuals (Rr x Rr) for a simple Mendelian trait?
A. 1:2:1 genotype ratio.
B. 3:1 phenotype ratio.
C. Both A and B.
D. Neither A nor B.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Genetics
Which of the following describes a genotype?
A. The physical appearance of an organism.
B. The combination of genes an organism has.
C. A mutation in a gene.
D. The process of meiosis.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Genetics
What is the name of the process where DNA makes a copy of itself?
A. Transcription.
B. Translation.
C. Replication.
D. Mutation.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Genetics
In humans, how many chromosomes are there in a typical somatic cell?
A. 23.
B. 46.
C. 44.
D. 48.
shahzaib hassan
BIOLOGY
-
Genetics
The fundamental unit of heredity is called a:
A. Gene.
B. Chromosome.
C. Protein.
D. Enzyme.
shahzaib hassan
PSYCHOLOGY
-
Educational Psychology
What is the focus of "constructivist" teaching methods?
A. Passive reception of information.
B. Students constructing their own understanding through active engagement.
C. Memorization of facts.
D. Teacher-centered instruction.
shahzaib hassan
PSYCHOLOGY
-
Educational Psychology
What is the purpose of differentiated instruction in the classroom?
A. To teach all students at the same pace.
B. To use one method for all students.
C. To tailor teaching methods to meet the diverse needs of students.
D. To assess students using only one type of test.
shahzaib hassan
PSYCHOLOGY
-
Educational Psychology
According to Maslow?s hierarchy of needs, which type of need must be met before a student can focus on self-actualization (reaching their full potential)?
A. Esteem needs.
B. Physiological needs.
C. Belonging needs.
D. Safety needs.
shahzaib hassan
PSYCHOLOGY
-
Educational Psychology
Which of the following is an example of "negative reinforcement"?
A. Giving praise for good behavior.
B. Taking away a privilege for bad behavior.
C. Removing homework because a student performed well.
D. Giving extra homework for poor performance.
shahzaib hassan
PSYCHOLOGY
-
Educational Psychology
In Bloom's Taxonomy, what is the highest level of learning?
A. Remembering.
B. Understanding.
C. Analyzing.
D. Creating.
shahzaib hassan
PSYCHOLOGY
-
Educational Psychology
What is the primary difference between "extrinsic" and "intrinsic" motivation?
A. Extrinsic motivation is about internal rewards, intrinsic is about external rewards.
B. Intrinsic motivation comes from outside factors, extrinsic comes from within.
C. Extrinsic motivation is driven by external factors, intrinsic by internal ones.
D. There is no real difference between the two.
shahzaib hassan
PSYCHOLOGY
-
Educational Psychology
What does Gardner?s theory of multiple intelligences propose?
A. Intelligence is fixed and only related to math and language.
B. People have different kinds of intelligences beyond just IQ.
C. Intelligence only grows through formal education.
D. There is no such thing as intelligence differences.
shahzaib hassan
PSYCHOLOGY
-
Educational Psychology
Which of the following describes "operant conditioning" as applied to classroom behavior?
A. Students learn through observation of others.
B. Students are rewarded or punished to shape their behavior.
C. Students are given freedom to explore learning activities.
D. Students develop social skills through peer interaction.
shahzaib hassan
PSYCHOLOGY
-
Educational Psychology
In the context of learning styles, what does "kinesthetic learning" refer to?
A. Learning by listening.
B. Learning by reading.
C. Learning by moving and doing physical activities.
D. Learning by watching others.
shahzaib hassan
PSYCHOLOGY
-
Educational Psychology
What is the main goal of formative assessment in education?
A. To give students a final grade.
B. To measure student learning at the end of a course.
C. To monitor student learning and provide ongoing feedback.
D. To compare students? performance with national standards.
shahzaib hassan
PSYCHOLOGY
-
Educational Psychology
Which teaching strategy is based on the idea that students learn best when their previous knowledge is activated and linked to new content?
A. Classical conditioning.
B. Inquiry-based learning.
C. Schema theory.
D. Operant conditioning.
shahzaib hassan
PSYCHOLOGY
-
Educational Psychology
What is a key component of constructivist learning theory?
A. Passive reception of knowledge.
B. Direct instruction with little student interaction.
C. Students constructing their own understanding through experience.
D. Rote memorization of facts.
shahzaib hassan
PSYCHOLOGY
-
Educational Psychology
Which of the following is the best example of the "zone of proximal development" (ZPD) in Vygotsky's theory?
A. A child solving a puzzle with no help.
B. A child trying a task too hard for them to complete, even with help.
C. A child completing a task easily on their own.
D. A child being able to solve a problem with some help from a teacher.
shahzaib hassan
PSYCHOLOGY
-
Educational Psychology
What is metacognition in learning?
A. Learning by doing tasks repeatedly.
B. Thinking about how you think and learn.
C. Memorizing facts without understanding them.
D. Copying what others are doing.
shahzaib hassan
PSYCHOLOGY
-
Educational Psychology
According to Erikson's psychosocial development theory, what is the primary conflict in the "Industry vs. Inferiority" stage?
A. Trust vs. Mistrust.
B. Autonomy vs. Shame.
C. Initiative vs. Guilt.
D. Competence vs. Incompetence.
shahzaib hassan
PSYCHOLOGY
-
Educational Psychology
Which of the following is an example of positive reinforcement?
A. Taking away a child?s toy for bad behavior.
B. Giving a child extra homework for misbehaving.
C. Praising a child for completing their homework.
D. Ignoring the child when they are disruptive.
shahzaib hassan
PSYCHOLOGY
-
Educational Psychology
What is intrinsic motivation?
A. Motivation based on external rewards like grades.
B. Motivation driven by internal rewards like enjoyment of learning.
C. Motivation due to punishment.
D. Motivation caused by peer pressure.
shahzaib hassan
PSYCHOLOGY
-
Educational Psychology
What is "scaffolding" in the context of Vygotsky?s theory of learning?
A. Giving a child freedom to learn independently.
B. Providing only one type of learning tool.
C. Gradually reducing help as the child learns.
D. Punishing the child for mistakes.
shahzaib hassan
PSYCHOLOGY
-
Educational Psychology
According to Piaget, which stage of cognitive development is characterized by children developing the ability to think logically about concrete events?
A. Sensorimotor stage.
B. Preoperational stage.
C. Concrete operational stage.
D. Formal operational stage.
shahzaib hassan
PSYCHOLOGY
-
Educational Psychology
Which theory explains that learning occurs through observation, imitation, and modeling of others' behavior?
A. Piaget?s cognitive development theory.
B. Vygotsky?s social constructivism.
C. Bandura?s social learning theory.
D. Skinner?s operant conditioning.
shahzaib hassan
PSYCHOLOGY
-
Industrial and Organizational Psychology
What does the term "organizational culture" describe?
A. The physical layout of the office.
B. The shared values, beliefs, and practices within an organization.
C. The job roles and responsibilities of employees.
D. The company's external reputation.
shahzaib hassan
PSYCHOLOGY
-
Industrial and Organizational Psychology
What does the "glass ceiling" refer to in organizational psychology?
A. A leadership development program.
B. An invisible barrier preventing certain groups from advancing.
C. A method for assessing job satisfaction.
D. A tool used for evaluating job performance.
shahzaib hassan
PSYCHOLOGY
-
Industrial and Organizational Psychology
Which of the following is an example of an intrinsic reward in the workplace?
A. A salary bonus.
B. Employee-of-the-month award.
C. Personal satisfaction from completing a task.
D. Company-sponsored vacation.
shahzaib hassan
PSYCHOLOGY
-
Industrial and Organizational Psychology
Which theory suggests that leaders can adapt their style based on the maturity or competence of their followers?
A. Transformational leadership theory.
B. Situational leadership theory.
C. Path-goal theory.
D. Leader-member exchange theory.
shahzaib hassan
PSYCHOLOGY
-
Industrial and Organizational Psychology
In a group setting, what does "social loafing" refer to?
A. The tendency of individuals to work harder in groups.
B. The reduction in individual effort when working in groups.
C. Increased motivation in group settings.
D. Improved team cohesion.
shahzaib hassan
PSYCHOLOGY
-
Industrial and Organizational Psychology
What is the main purpose of "organizational development" in an organization?
A. To lay off underperforming employees.
B. To improve the organization's effectiveness and employee well-being.
C. To evaluate leadership styles.
D. To develop a new compensation system.
shahzaib hassan
PSYCHOLOGY
-
Industrial and Organizational Psychology
Which of the following is a benefit of diversity in the workplace?
A. Reduced conflict.
B. Decreased creativity.
C. Improved decision-making.
D. Lower employee satisfaction.
shahzaib hassan
PSYCHOLOGY
-
Industrial and Organizational Psychology
Which term refers to the mental and physical exhaustion that results from prolonged stress at work?
A. Burnout.
B. Job dissatisfaction.
C. Cognitive dissonance.
D. Role conflict.
shahzaib hassan
PSYCHOLOGY
-
Industrial and Organizational Psychology
What is the primary purpose of using work simulations during employee selection?
A. To reduce training costs.
B. To evaluate potential employees in realistic job scenarios.
C. To increase employee motivation.
D. To improve communication between employees.
shahzaib hassan
PSYCHOLOGY
-
Industrial and Organizational Psychology
According to expectancy theory, which factor does NOT influence an employee?s motivation?
A. Expectancy.
B. Instrumentality.
C. Valence.
D. Autonomy.
shahzaib hassan
PSYCHOLOGY
-
Industrial and Organizational Psychology
Which type of leadership involves a focus on the transaction or exchange between leader and followers, such as rewards for performance?
A. Transformational leadership.
B. Transactional leadership.
C. Servant leadership.
D. Charismatic leadership.