Gitofa Shah
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PHYSICS
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Gitofa Shah
PHYSICS
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Electromagnetism
A beam of light with a wavelength λ = 500 nm is incident on a diffraction grating with 5000 lines per meter. What is the angular separation between the first-order maxima?
A. 0.01 rad.
B. 0.1 rad.
C. 1 rad.
D. 10 rad.
Gitofa Shah
PHYSICS
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Electromagnetism
A coil of 500 turns and cross-sectional area A = 0.02 m^2 is placed in a region with a uniform magnetic field B = 0.1 T. If the coil is rotated at a constant angular velocity ω = 20 rad/s, what is the maximum emf induced in the coil?
A. 1.57 V.
B. 3.14 V.
C. 6.28 V.
D. 12.56 V.
Gitofa Shah
PHYSICS
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Electromagnetism
A parallel-plate capacitor has a capacitance C = 5 μF and is charged to a voltage V = 12 V. If the plates are separated by a distance d = 2 mm, what is the energy density of the electric field between the plates?
A. 1.8 × 10^5 J/m^3.
B. 1.8 × 10^4 J/m^3.
C. 1.8 × 10^3 J/m^3.
D. 1.8 × 10^2 J/m^3.
Gitofa Shah
PHYSICS
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Electromagnetism
A charged particle moves with a velocity v = 0.6c in a region with a uniform magnetic field B = 2T. What is the magnitude of the force experienced by the particle if its charge is q = 3 × 10^(-6) C?
A. 3.6 × 10^(-3) N.
B. 3.6 × 10^(-2) N.
C. 3.6 × 10^(-1) N.
D. 3.6 N.
Gitofa Shah
PHYSICS
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Thermodynamics
What is the name of the thermodynamic potential that describes a system at constant pressure and temperature?
A. Helmholtz free energy.
B. Gibbs free energy.
C. Landau free energy.
D. Enthalpy.
Gitofa Shah
PHYSICS
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Thermodynamics
A gas is compressed adiabatically from pressure P1 to P2. What is the change in temperature of the gas?
A. T2 = T1 * (P2 / P1)^(γ - 1).
B. T2 = T1 * (P2 / P1)^(1 / γ).
C. T2 = T1 * (P1 / P2)^(γ - 1).
D. T2 = T1 * (P1 / P2)^(1 / γ).
Gitofa Shah
PHYSICS
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Thermodynamics
What is the name of the process by which a system transitions from a metastable state to a stable state with a decrease in free energy?
A. Melting.
B. Boiling.
C. Condensation.
D. Nucleation.
Gitofa Shah
PHYSICS
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Thermodynamics
A system undergoes a reversible isothermal expansion from volume V1 to V2. What is the change in internal energy of the system?
A. ΔU = 0.
B. ΔU = Q.
C. ΔU = W.
D. ΔU = -W.
Gitofa Shah
PHYSICS
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Thermodynamics
A heat engine operates between two reservoirs at temperatures T1 and T2, with T1 > T2. What is the maximum efficiency of the engine?
A. 1 - (T2 / T1).
B. 1 - (T1 / T2).
C. T1 / T2.
D. T2 / T1.
Gitofa Shah
PHYSICS
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Statistical Mechanics
What is the name of the statistical mechanical potential that describes a system at constant temperature and pressure?
A. Helmholtz free energy.
B. Gibbs free energy.
C. Landau free energy.
D. Grand potential.
Gitofa Shah
PHYSICS
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Statistical Mechanics
A system undergoes a reversible adiabatic process. What is the change in entropy of the system?
A. ΔS = 0.
B. ΔS > 0.
C. ΔS.
D. ΔS = k * ln(V2 / V1).
Gitofa Shah
PHYSICS
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Statistical Mechanics
What is the name of the theorem that relates the entropy of a system to the number of possible microstates?
A. Boltzmann's theorem.
B. Gibbs' theorem.
C. Shannon's theorem.
D. Onsager's theorem.
Gitofa Shah
PHYSICS
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Statistical Mechanics
A system is in thermal equilibrium with a reservoir at temperature T. What is the probability of finding the system in a microstate with energy E?
A. 1 / Ω(T).
B. e^(−E/kT) / Z(T).
C. E / kT.
D. Ω(T) / E.
Gitofa Shah
PHYSICS
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Statistical Mechanics
What is the name of the statistical ensemble that describes a system with a fixed number of particles, volume, and energy?
A. Microcanonical ensemble.
B. Canonical ensemble.
C. Grand canonical ensemble.
D. Isothermal-isobaric ensemble.
Gitofa Shah
PHYSICS
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Quantum Mechanics
What is the name of the process by which a particle and its antiparticle annihilate into photons?
A. Pair production.
B. Pair annihilation.
C. Compton scattering.
D. Bremsstrahlung.
Gitofa Shah
PHYSICS
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Quantum Mechanics
A beam of particles passes through a Stern-Gerlach apparatus with a magnetic field gradient oriented in the z-direction. What is the effect on the beam?
A. The beam is split into two beams with opposite spin components in the x-direction.
B. The beam is split into two beams with opposite spin components in the y-direction.
C. The beam is split into two beams with opposite spin components in the z-direction.
D. The beam remains unchanged.
Gitofa Shah
PHYSICS
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Quantum Mechanics
What is the purpose of the wave function renormalization in Quantum Field Theory?
A. To remove the infinite self-energy of particles.
B. To introduce the concept of antiparticles.
C. To ensure the Lorentz invariance of the theory.
D. To account for the spin-statistics theorem.
Gitofa Shah
PHYSICS
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Quantum Mechanics
A particle is in a superposition of two energy eigenstates, |ψ= a|E1+ b|E2. What is the probability of finding the particle in the energy eigenstate |E1?
A. |a|^2 / (|a|^2 + |b|^2).
B. a / ( a + b ).
C. b / ( a + b ).
D. None of these.
Gitofa Shah
PHYSICS
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Quantum Mechanics
What is the physical significance of the commutator of the position and momentum operators in Quantum Mechanics?
A. It represents the uncertainty principle.
B. It determines the energy eigenvalues.
C. It is a measure of the particle's spin.
D. It is a constant of motion.
Gitofa Shah
PHYSICS
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Quantum Mechanics
In the context of quantum mechanics, what does the term "wavefunction collapse" refer to?
A. The phenomenon where a wavefunction spreads out over time..
B. The process of normalizing a wavefunction..
C. The sudden transition of a wavefunction into one of the eigenstates upon measurement..
D. The interference pattern created by a superposition of wavefunctions..
Gitofa Shah
PHYSICS
-
Quantum Mechanics
Which of the following statements about the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle is correct?
A. It states that the position and momentum of a particle cannot be measured at the same time..
B. It implies that the product of the uncertainties in position and momentum measurements is always greater than or equal to ℏ / 2..
C. It suggests that particles do not have definite positions and momenta..
D. It is a consequence of the wave-particle duality of light..
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