Harlequin Misha

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Qualification	Master
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Country	Pakistan
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Harlequin Misha

hello everybody here.

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Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Web Design & Development

Php allows dynamic code execution using:

A. Eval(). B. Reflection API. C. File Manipulation. D. None of these.

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Explanation

The eval() function in PHP allows for dynamic execution of code passed as a string.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Web Design & Development

Which of the following statements are true about PHP?

A. Echo and print are same. B. Echo takes a single parameter. C. Both (A) & (B). D. None of these.

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Explanation

Echo and print are not exactly the same; echo can take multiple parameters, while print only takes one and returns a value (1).

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Software Engineering

Which of the following is NOT an agile software development methodology?

A. Scrum. B. Waterfall. C. Kanban. D. None of these.

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Explanation

The Waterfall model is a traditional software development methodology, not an agile one, while Scrum and Kanban are agile methodologies.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Data Structures & Algorithms

Which of the following are true about the Weiner filter?

A. It is a deterministic algorithm. B. It minimizes the quadratic error. C. It uses the binary cross entropy. D. None of these.

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Explanation

The Wiener filter is a technique for denoising signals that minimizes the mean squared error (quadratic error) between the estimated and true signal.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Programming

Which programming language allows for polymorphism but not classes?

A. C++ programming language. B. Java programming language. C. Ada programming language. D. None of these.

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Explanation

Ada supports polymorphism but does not have a class-based structure, unlike languages like C++ and Java.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Programming

Which language does not allow for inheritance in all four forms?

A. Kotlin. B. Java. C. C++. D. None of these.

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Explanation

Java does not support multiple inheritance (one of the four forms) in the traditional sense, unlike C++.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Programming

Which was the first purely object-oriented programming language developed?

A. Java. B. C++. C. SmallTalk. D. None of these.

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Explanation

SmallTalk, developed in the 1970s, is considered the first purely object-oriented programming language.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Programming

Select the correct output of the following code. #include <stdio.h> int main() { int arr[5]={10,20,30,40,50}; printf("%d", arr[5]); return 0; }

A. Garbage value. B. 20. C. 30. D. None of these.

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Explanation

Accessing arr[5] is out of bounds, so the program will likely return a garbage value.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Programming

Compiler can check ____ error.

A. Syntax. B. Content. C. Logical. D. None of these.

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Explanation

Compilers are designed to check syntax errors, ensuring that the code follows the correct grammar rules of the programming language.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Programming

A high-level language compiler that runs on one computer and generates code for another is known as:

A. One pass compiler. B. Multipass compiler. C. Cross compiler. D. None of these.

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Explanation

A cross compiler is used to create executable code for a different platform than the one on which the compiler is running.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Programming

When compiled, which of the following class of statements often yields no executable code?

A. Assignment statement. B. Structural statements. C. Input and output statements. D. None of these.

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Explanation

Structural statements like declarations do not generate executable code when compiled.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Operating Systems

Which of the following are/is true?

A. In the era of platform independence all Operating systems can be made without considering low level details of machines. B. Operating systems can be made without using assembly languages. C. Operating systems aren?t needed because everything can run on the internet. D. None of these.

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Explanation

Operating systems still need to consider low-level details and are often built with assembly language components for efficiency.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Operating Systems

Which is better, Time slicing or time sharing?

A. Time slicing is better because it deals with process allocation at the CPU level. B. Time sharing is better because it gives multiple users the illusion of each having his own processor. C. The comparison is not possible because one is part of the other. D. None of these.

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Explanation

Time slicing is a technique within time-sharing, so they are not directly comparable as one is a subset of the other.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Operating Systems

A computer is in System mode when:

A. CPU is executing a program which is part of the operating system. B. The process execution is halted to listen to device inputs. C. The system is switching between processes. D. None of these.

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Explanation

System mode refers to the mode in which the CPU executes operating system code, giving it unrestricted access to hardware resources.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Computer Networks & Security

Which of the following is the most efficient encoding to send data via networks? Also consider the reasoning in your answer.

A. 3-Excess codes because it is not weighted. B. Binary, because its representation can be done simply with zeros and ones. C. Decimal, because a decimal requires lesser space to represent the same number. D. None of these.

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Explanation

Binary encoding is efficient for data transmission as it is the most fundamental form of data representation and aligns well with digital systems.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Computer Networks & Security

Network traffic estimation is:

A. Impossible. B. Easily computable via linear equations. C. Can only be solved using AI techniques. D. None of these.

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Explanation

Network traffic estimation is complex and typically requires sophisticated models, not simple linear equations or AI alone.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Programming

Optical character recognition:

A. Cannot be done without non deterministic algorithms. B. Can be done without non deterministic algorithms. C. Can be done more efficiently and robustly with deterministic algorithms. D. None of these.

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Explanation

Optical character recognition (OCR) can be achieved using deterministic algorithms, though non-deterministic methods may enhance accuracy and robustness.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Programming

SIFT is:

A. An image deblurring algorithm. B. Basic edge detection algorithm. C. Used to identify and define local features. D. None of these.

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Explanation

SIFT (Scale-Invariant Feature Transform) is used to detect and describe local features in images, making it valuable for object recognition and matching.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Programming

Which of the following is true?

A. Brightness gives a measure of degree to which a pure color is diluted by white light. B. Saturation gives a measure of degree to which a pure color is diluted by white light. C. Hue gives a measure of degree to which a pure color is diluted by white light. D. None of these.

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Explanation

Saturation measures the intensity or purity of a color, indicating the degree to which a pure color is diluted by white light.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Programming

Dynamic range in image processing is:

A. Refers to span of wavelengths covered by a particular band in a multispectral image. B. Maximum or minimum values present in an image. C. Range of values spanned by grey scale. D. None of these.

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Explanation

Dynamic range in image processing refers to the range of values spanned by the grayscale, from the darkest to the brightest areas of the image.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Protection of Information Assets

Which of the following best describes 'insider threats'?

A. Increasing data speed. B. Enhancing user experience. C. Security risks posed by individuals within the organization. D. Reducing data storage.

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Explanation

Insider threats refer to security risks posed by employees or other trusted individuals within the organization.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Protection of Information Assets

What is the primary objective of 'data backup and recovery' strategies?

A. Increase data speed. B. Enhance user satisfaction. C. Ensure data availability and integrity in case of data loss. D. Improve software features.

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Explanation

Data backup and recovery strategies ensure that data remains available and intact in the event of data loss or corruption.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Protection of Information Assets

Which of the following is a key benefit of 'endpoint encryption'?

A. Increase data speed. B. Reduce encryption costs. C. Protect data on individual devices from unauthorized access. D. Improve software features.

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Explanation

Endpoint encryption secures data on individual devices, preventing unauthorized access and ensuring data protection.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Protection of Information Assets

What is the role of 'intrusion prevention systems' (IPS) in information security?

A. Increase data speed. B. Enhance user satisfaction. C. Detect and prevent security threats in real-time. D. Improve software features.

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Explanation

IPS detect and prevent security threats in real-time, enhancing the protection of information assets.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Protection of Information Assets

Which of the following best describes 'data at rest' encryption?

A. Increasing data speed. B. Enhancing user training. C. Encrypting data stored on physical media. D. Improving software performance.

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Explanation

Data at rest encryption involves encrypting data stored on physical media, such as hard drives, to protect it from unauthorized access.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Protection of Information Assets

What is the significance of 'security auditing' in protecting information assets?

A. Increase data speed. B. Enhance user satisfaction. C. Evaluate and ensure the effectiveness of security controls and policies. D. Improve software features.

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Explanation

Security auditing involves evaluating the effectiveness of security controls and policies to ensure they adequately protect information assets.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Protection of Information Assets

Which of the following is a critical aspect of 'data governance'?

A. Increase data speed. B. Reduce governance costs. C. Ensure the proper management and protection of data within an organization. D. Enhance software features.

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Explanation

Data governance involves establishing policies and procedures to manage and protect data within an organization effectively.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Protection of Information Assets

What is the role of 'security policies' in an organization?

A. Increase data speed. B. Enhance user satisfaction. C. Provide a framework for managing and protecting information assets. D. Improve software features.

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Explanation

Security policies establish guidelines and procedures for managing and protecting an organization's information assets.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Protection of Information Assets

Which of the following best describes 'cloud security'?

A. Increasing cloud costs. B. Enhancing user experience. C. Measures and practices to protect data and applications hosted in the cloud. D. Reducing data storage.

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Explanation

Cloud security involves measures and practices designed to protect data and applications hosted on cloud platforms.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Protection of Information Assets

What is the significance of 'data breach notification' policies?

A. Increase data speed. B. Enhance user satisfaction. C. Ensure timely communication of data breaches to affected parties. D. Improve software features.

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Explanation

Data breach notification policies ensure that affected parties are promptly informed about data breaches to take necessary actions.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Protection of Information Assets

Which of the following is essential for 'secure software development'?

A. Increasing software features. B. Reducing development costs. C. Incorporating security practices throughout the software development lifecycle. D. Enhancing user training.

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Explanation

Secure software development involves integrating security practices at every stage of the development process to protect against vulnerabilities.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Protection of Information Assets

What is the primary goal of 'penetration testing'?

A. Increase system performance. B. Enhance user satisfaction. C. Identify and exploit security vulnerabilities to improve security. D. Improve software features.

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Explanation

Penetration testing aims to identify and exploit security vulnerabilities to enhance overall system security.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Protection of Information Assets

Which of the following best describes 'malware'?

A. Increasing data speed. B. Enhancing user experience. C. Malicious software designed to harm or exploit systems. D. Reducing data storage.

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Explanation

Malware refers to software that is specifically designed to disrupt, damage, or gain unauthorized access to systems.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Protection of Information Assets

What is the significance of 'data minimization' in information security?

A. Increase data speed. B. Enhance data storage. C. Limit the amount of collected and retained data to what is necessary. D. Improve software performance.

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Explanation

Data minimization reduces the risk of data breaches by limiting the amount of data collected and stored to only what is necessary.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Protection of Information Assets

Which of the following is a critical aspect of 'network security monitoring'?

A. Increase network speed. B. Reduce monitoring costs. C. Detect and respond to security threats in real-time. D. Enhance software features.

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Explanation

Network security monitoring involves detecting and responding to security threats in real-time to protect information assets.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Protection of Information Assets

What is the role of 'data classification' in protecting information assets?

A. Increase data speed. B. Enhance data storage. C. Categorize data based on its sensitivity and importance. D. Improve software features.

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Explanation

Data classification helps in identifying and protecting sensitive information by categorizing it based on its sensitivity and importance.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Protection of Information Assets

Which of the following best describes 'phishing'?

A. Increasing network speed. B. Enhancing software features. C. Fraudulent attempts to obtain sensitive information by pretending to be a trustworthy entity. D. Reducing data storage.

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Explanation

Phishing involves deceptive attempts to acquire sensitive information by masquerading as a trustworthy entity.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Protection of Information Assets

What is the primary objective of 'incident response' in information security?

A. Increase data speed. B. Enhance user experience. C. Effectively manage and mitigate security incidents. D. Improve software features.

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Explanation

Incident response aims to manage and mitigate security incidents to minimize damage and restore normal operations swiftly.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Protection of Information Assets

Which of the following is a key benefit of using 'encryption' for data protection?

A. Increase data speed. B. Reduce data storage. C. Ensure data confidentiality and integrity. D. Improve software performance.

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Explanation

Encryption ensures that data remains confidential and unaltered, even if it is intercepted or accessed by unauthorized users.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Protection of Information Assets

What is the purpose of implementing 'role-based access control' (RBAC)?

A. Increase system speed. B. Enhance user satisfaction. C. Assign permissions based on users' roles within an organization. D. Improve software features.

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Explanation

RBAC assigns access permissions based on users' roles, ensuring that individuals only access information necessary for their job functions.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Protection of Information Assets

Which of the following best describes 'data integrity'?

A. Data speed. B. Data redundancy. C. Accuracy and consistency of data over its lifecycle. D. Data compression.

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Explanation

Data integrity ensures that data remains accurate and consistent throughout its lifecycle, preventing unauthorized alterations.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Protection of Information Assets

What is the significance of 'security awareness training' for employees?

A. Increase data speed. B. Reduce training costs. C. Educate employees on recognizing and responding to security threats. D. Enhance software features.

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Explanation

Security awareness training helps employees recognize and respond appropriately to security threats, enhancing overall security.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Protection of Information Assets

Which of the following is essential for ensuring secure wireless communication?

A. Increasing network speed. B. Enhancing user training. C. Using strong encryption protocols like WPA3. D. Improving software features.

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Explanation

Strong encryption protocols like WPA3 secure wireless communication by protecting data from interception and unauthorized access.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Protection of Information Assets

What is the role of 'endpoint security' in protecting information assets?

A. Increase data speed. B. Enhance user experience. C. Protect devices connected to the network from threats. D. Improve software features.

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Explanation

Endpoint security protects individual devices like laptops and smartphones from various threats, ensuring overall network security.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Protection of Information Assets

Which of the following best describes 'network segmentation'?

A. Increasing network speed. B. Reducing network costs. C. Dividing a network into smaller, isolated segments. D. Improving software updates.

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Explanation

Network segmentation improves security by isolating different parts of the network to limit access and contain breaches.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Protection of Information Assets

What is the main goal of a data loss prevention (DLP) system?

A. Increase data speed. B. Enhance data storage. C. Prevent unauthorized data transfer or leakage. D. Improve software features.

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Explanation

DLP systems aim to prevent sensitive data from being transferred or accessed by unauthorized parties.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Protection of Information Assets

What is the primary purpose of implementing a security information and event management (SIEM) system?

A. Increase data speed. B. Enhance user interface. C. Monitor and analyze security events in real-time. D. Improve software features.

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Explanation

SIEM systems provide real-time monitoring and analysis of security events to detect and respond to threats promptly.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Protection of Information Assets

Which of the following is a common practice to ensure secure data disposal?

A. Increasing data encryption. B. Enhancing data retrieval speed. C. Data shredding and wiping. D. Improving software updates.

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Explanation

Secure data disposal methods like shredding and wiping ensure that data cannot be recovered after deletion.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Protection of Information Assets

What is the significance of 'data masking' in protecting information assets?

A. Increase data speed. B. Enhance data storage. C. Conceal sensitive data within a dataset. D. Improve software performance.

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Explanation

Data masking hides sensitive information, making it difficult for unauthorized users to interpret.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Protection of Information Assets

Which of the following is a primary benefit of using a Virtual Private Network (VPN)?

A. Increase data speed. B. Reduce network costs. C. Secure data transmission over public networks. D. Enhance software features.

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Explanation

VPNs secure data transmission by encrypting it, even over public networks.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Protection of Information Assets

What is the purpose of conducting a vulnerability assessment?

A. Increase system performance. B. Identify weaknesses that could be exploited by threats. C. Enhance software features. D. Improve user interface.

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Explanation

Vulnerability assessments identify security weaknesses that could be exploited, helping to protect information assets.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Protection of Information Assets

Which of the following best describes 'multi-factor authentication' (MFA)?

A. Single-step verification. B. Use of one password. C. Combination of two or more authentication methods. D. Data encryption technique.

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Explanation

MFA enhances security by requiring multiple methods of verification to authenticate a user.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Protection of Information Assets

What is a common method used to authenticate users in an IT system?

A. Network scanning. B. Data encryption. C. Passwords and biometric verification. D. Data compression.

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Explanation

Authentication methods like passwords and biometrics verify the identity of users accessing the system.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Protection of Information Assets

What is the main objective of implementing access controls in an information system?

A. Enhance user satisfaction. B. Increase system speed. C. Restrict unauthorized access to data and resources. D. Improve software features.

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Explanation

Access controls ensure that only authorized individuals can access certain data and resources, enhancing security.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Protection of Information Assets

Which of the following is a key component of an organization's information security policy?

A. User interface design. B. Cost reduction strategies. C. Guidelines for data protection and access control. D. Marketing plans.

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Explanation

An information security policy provides guidelines for protecting data and controlling access within an organization.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Protection of Information Assets

What is the role of an Intrusion Detection System (IDS)?

A. Increase data speed. B. Detect unauthorized access or attacks. C. Improve software updates. D. Enhance user training.

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Explanation

IDS is used to detect unauthorized access or malicious activities on a network or system.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Protection of Information Assets

Which of the following best describes a firewall's function?

A. Increase internet speed. B. Monitor and control network traffic. C. Enhance user experience. D. Improve software functionality.

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Explanation

Firewalls monitor and control incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predetermined security rules.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Protection of Information Assets

What is the primary purpose of data encryption?

A. Increase data speed. B. Reduce data storage. C. Protect data from unauthorized access. D. Improve software features.

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Explanation

Data encryption ensures that information is only accessible by authorized users, thus protecting it from unauthorized access.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Operations and Business Resilience

Which of the following best describes 'business impact analysis' (BIA)?

A. Reducing business costs. B. Increasing user training. C. Assessing the effects of disruptions on business operations. D. Enhancing software features.

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Explanation

BIA involves assessing the potential impacts of disruptions on business operations to prioritize recovery efforts.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Operations and Business Resilience

What is the primary objective of 'data archiving'?

A. Increase data costs. B. Reduce data speed. C. Preserve data for long-term storage and compliance. D. Enhance software features.

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Explanation

Data archiving involves preserving data for long-term storage and compliance with regulations.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Operations and Business Resilience

Which of the following is essential for maintaining 'system uptime'?

A. Increasing costs. B. Reducing user satisfaction. C. Implementing robust maintenance and monitoring practices. D. Enhancing software features.

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Explanation

Maintaining system uptime requires robust maintenance and monitoring to prevent and address issues.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Operations and Business Resilience

What is the role of 'business continuity testing'?

A. Increase costs. B. Enhance user training. C. Validate the effectiveness of business continuity plans. D. Improve software features.

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Explanation

Business continuity testing ensures that continuity plans are effective and can be executed properly.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Operations and Business Resilience

Which of the following best describes the concept of 'continuous monitoring' in IT operations?

A. Reducing system costs. B. Increasing user training. C. Ongoing surveillance of IT systems to detect issues promptly. D. Enhancing software features.

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Explanation

Continuous monitoring involves ongoing surveillance to detect and address issues promptly.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Operations and Business Resilience

What is the purpose of a 'network disaster recovery plan'?

A. Reduce costs. B. Increase user satisfaction. C. Restore network operations after a disaster. D. Enhance software features.

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Explanation

A network disaster recovery plan aims to restore network operations promptly after a disaster.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Operations and Business Resilience

Which of the following is a critical aspect of ensuring 'data availability'?

A. Increasing costs. B. Reducing user satisfaction. C. Ensuring data can be accessed when needed. D. Enhancing software features.

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Explanation

Data availability ensures that data is accessible whenever it is needed.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Operations and Business Resilience

What is the primary role of 'IT service management' (ITSM)?

A. Reduce costs. B. Increase user training. C. Design, deliver, and manage IT services effectively. D. Enhance software features.

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Explanation

ITSM involves designing, delivering, and managing IT services to meet business needs effectively.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Operations and Business Resilience

Which of the following best describes 'load balancing' in IT systems?

A. Increasing costs. B. Reducing system performance. C. Distributing workloads evenly across multiple systems. D. Enhancing user satisfaction.

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Explanation

Load balancing distributes workloads evenly to ensure optimal system performance and reliability.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Operations and Business Resilience

What is the significance of 'patch management' in IT operations?

A. Reduce costs. B. Increase user satisfaction. C. Ensure software is up-to-date and secure. D. Enhance software features.

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Explanation

Patch management ensures that software is up-to-date and secure by applying necessary updates and patches.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Operations and Business Resilience

Which of the following is essential for ensuring effective IT operations management?

A. High costs. B. User dissatisfaction. C. Clear processes and procedures. D. Limited resources.

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Explanation

Clear processes and procedures are essential for effective IT operations management.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Operations and Business Resilience

What is the primary objective of a 'backup and recovery' strategy?

A. Increase data speed. B. Reduce IT costs. C. Ensure data can be restored in case of data loss. D. Improve software features.

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Explanation

A backup and recovery strategy ensures that data can be restored if it is lost or corrupted.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Operations and Business Resilience

Which of the following best describes 'business resilience'?

A. Increasing IT costs. B. Reducing user satisfaction. C. Ensuring business can withstand and recover from disruptions. D. Enhancing software features.

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Explanation

Business resilience involves the ability to withstand and recover from various disruptions.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Operations and Business Resilience

What is the main purpose of 'IT asset management'?

A. Reduce costs. B. Increase user satisfaction. C. Track and manage IT assets throughout their lifecycle. D. Improve software features.

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Explanation

IT asset management involves tracking and managing IT assets from acquisition to disposal.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Operations and Business Resilience

What is the significance of a 'data retention policy' in IT operations?

A. Reduce data speed. B. Increase data costs. C. Define how long data should be kept and managed. D. Enhance software features.

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Explanation

A data retention policy specifies the duration for which data should be retained and managed.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Operations and Business Resilience

Which of the following is a key benefit of using virtualization in IT operations?

A. Increased costs. B. Reduced flexibility. C. Enhanced resource utilization and efficiency. D. Reduced security.

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Explanation

Virtualization enhances resource utilization by allowing multiple virtual machines on a single physical machine.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Operations and Business Resilience

What is the role of 'incident management' in IT operations?

A. Reduce costs. B. Enhance user training. C. Respond to and manage IT incidents effectively. D. Improve software features.

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Explanation

Incident management involves responding to and managing IT incidents to minimize impact.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Operations and Business Resilience

Which of the following best describes the concept of 'high availability' in IT systems?

A. Increased system costs. B. Reduced user satisfaction. C. Ensuring continuous system operation with minimal downtime. D. Enhancing software features.

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Explanation

High availability ensures that IT systems remain operational with minimal downtime.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Operations and Business Resilience

In the context of business resilience, what is 'business continuity planning' (BCP)?

A. Increasing IT budget. B. Ensuring IT aligns with business goals. C. Preparing for and mitigating business disruptions. D. Enhancing software features.

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Explanation

BCP involves preparing for potential disruptions to maintain business operations.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Operations and Business Resilience

What is the primary purpose of implementing IT change management processes?

A. Reduce costs. B. Increase user satisfaction. C. Manage changes systematically and minimize disruptions. D. Enhance software features.

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Explanation

Change management ensures that changes are managed in a way that minimizes disruption and maintains system integrity.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Operations and Business Resilience

Which of the following is a critical component of an effective IT governance framework?

A. User training. B. Cost reduction. C. Clear policies and procedures. D. Enhanced software features.

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Explanation

Clear policies and procedures provide the structure needed for effective IT governance.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Operations and Business Resilience

What is the main goal of implementing a network security policy?

A. Reduce costs. B. Enhance user training. C. Protect IT infrastructure from threats. D. Improve software features.

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Explanation

A network security policy aims to safeguard the IT infrastructure from various security threats.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Operations and Business Resilience

Which of the following best describes 'data integrity'?

A. Data speed. B. Data accuracy and consistency. C. Data storage. D. Data retrieval.

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Explanation

Data integrity ensures that data remains accurate and consistent over its lifecycle.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Operations and Business Resilience

What is the significance of 'capacity planning' in IT operations?

A. Reduce costs. B. Enhance user training. C. Ensure IT resources meet future demand. D. Improve software features.

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Explanation

Capacity planning ensures that IT resources are adequate to meet future business demands.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Operations and Business Resilience

What is the purpose of a 'service level agreement' (SLA) in IT operations?

A. Reduce costs. B. Increase user training. C. Define expected service performance and responsibilities. D. Enhance software features.

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Explanation

An SLA specifies the expected service performance and responsibilities between providers and clients.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Operations and Business Resilience

Which of the following best describes 'failover' in IT systems?

A. Reducing system costs. B. Switching to a standby system during failure. C. Enhancing user satisfaction. D. Increasing software features.

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Explanation

Failover involves switching to a standby system to maintain operations during a system failure.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Operations and Business Resilience

What is the role of automated monitoring tools in IT operations?

A. Increase user training. B. Reduce costs. C. Enhance system security and performance. D. Improve software features.

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Explanation

Automated monitoring tools help enhance security and performance by providing real-time insights and alerts.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Operations and Business Resilience

In the context of business resilience, what is a 'cold site'?

A. An active backup site. B. A site with minimal resources for recovery. C. A primary data center. D. A user training center.

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Explanation

A cold site is a backup location with minimal resources, requiring setup before use.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Operations and Business Resilience

What is the significance of having a hot site for disaster recovery?

A. Cost reduction. B. Immediate availability for system recovery. C. Enhancing software features. D. Increasing user satisfaction.

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Explanation

A hot site allows for immediate system recovery and continuity in the event of a disaster.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Operations and Business Resilience

Which of the following is a critical aspect of operational risk management in IT?

A. Cost reduction. B. User satisfaction. C. Identifying and mitigating IT risks. D. Enhancing software features.

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Explanation

Operational risk management focuses on identifying and mitigating risks to IT operations.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Operations and Business Resilience

What is the primary objective of a data backup strategy?

A. Increase data processing speed. B. Reduce IT costs. C. Ensure data recovery in case of data loss. D. Improve system performance.

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Explanation

A data backup strategy ensures data can be recovered if it is lost or corrupted.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Operations and Business Resilience

Which of the following is essential for effective business resilience planning?

A. High-end hardware. B. Advanced software. C. Regular testing and updates of plans. D. Increased IT staff.

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Explanation

Regular testing and updates ensure that resilience plans are effective and current.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Operations and Business Resilience

What is the role of redundancy in IT infrastructure?

A. Reduce costs. B. Improve system efficiency. C. Enhance system reliability and availability. D. Increase user satisfaction.

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Explanation

Redundancy ensures that system failures do not lead to total outages by having backup components.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Operations and Business Resilience

Which strategy is most effective for ensuring business continuity during a major IT outage?

A. Increased user training. B. Cloud-based backups. C. Enhanced system documentation. D. Regular software updates.

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Explanation

Cloud-based backups provide a reliable solution for data recovery and continuity during major IT outages.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Operations and Business Resilience

What is the main purpose of conducting regular system audits in IT operations?

A. Reduce costs. B. Ensure compliance and identify weaknesses. C. Improve user training. D. Enhance software features.

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Explanation

System audits ensure compliance with policies and identify potential weaknesses in IT operations.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Operations and Business Resilience

Which of the following best describes a Business Impact Analysis (BIA)?

A. Evaluates software performance. B. Identifies critical business functions and impacts of disruptions. C. Assesses user satisfaction. D. Manages project timelines.

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Explanation

BIA identifies critical functions and assesses the impact of potential disruptions.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Operations and Business Resilience

What is the significance of an incident response plan in business resilience?

A. Reduces operational costs. B. Manages and mitigates IT incidents. C. Enhances user satisfaction. D. Improves system performance.

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Explanation

An incident response plan provides procedures to manage and mitigate the impact of IT incidents.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Operations and Business Resilience

Which of the following is a key component of a disaster recovery plan?

A. Regular backups. B. Software updates. C. User training. D. Network optimization.

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Explanation

Regular backups are crucial for restoring data in the event of a disaster.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Operations and Business Resilience

What is the primary goal of information systems operations management?

A. Minimize costs. B. Enhance user experience. C. Ensure efficient and reliable system performance. D. Increase software sales.

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Explanation

The primary goal is to ensure that information systems operate efficiently and reliably.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Acquisition Development & Implementation

In system acquisition, what is the importance of conducting a total cost of ownership (TCO) analysis?

A. To minimize initial costs. B. To evaluate long-term financial impact. C. To improve system performance. D. To enhance user experience.

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TCO analysis assesses all costs associated with the acquisition, operation, and maintenance of the system over its lifetime.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Acquisition Development & Implementation

What is the purpose of a 'gap analysis' in system development?

A. To reduce development costs. B. To identify discrepancies between current and desired states. C. To finalize user training plans. D. To enhance system security.

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Explanation

Gap analysis identifies the differences between the current system and the desired future state to address any deficiencies.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Acquisition Development & Implementation

Which project management methodology is characterized by a sequential design process?

A. Agile. B. Scrum. C. Waterfall. D. Lean.

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Explanation

The Waterfall methodology follows a linear, sequential approach to software development.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Acquisition Development & Implementation

What is the main goal of a pilot implementation strategy?

A. To reduce costs. B. To test the system in a limited environment. C. To train all users simultaneously. D. To finalize system documentation.

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Explanation

A pilot implementation tests the system in a controlled, limited environment to identify and resolve issues before full-scale deployment.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Acquisition Development & Implementation

In the context of system development, what is 'scope creep'?

A. Increase in project costs. B. Uncontrolled changes in project scope. C. Reduction in project timeline. D. Enhancement of project quality.

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Explanation

Scope creep refers to the uncontrolled expansion of project scope without corresponding adjustments in resources or timeline.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Acquisition Development & Implementation

What is the primary purpose of post-implementation review in system development?

A. To finalize documentation. B. To evaluate the success of the project. C. To conduct user training. D. To develop future projects.

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Explanation

Post-implementation reviews assess the effectiveness of the system and identify areas for improvement.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Acquisition Development & Implementation

During system implementation, which activity is crucial for ensuring a smooth transition from the old system to the new system?

A. Prototyping. B. Parallel testing. C. Feasibility analysis. D. Vendor selection.

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Explanation

Parallel testing involves running the old and new systems simultaneously to ensure the new system works correctly.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Acquisition Development & Implementation

What is the significance of a 'change control process' in system development?

A. To manage cost overruns. B. To handle modifications systematically. C. To improve user training. D. To enhance system performance.

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Explanation

Change control ensures any modifications to the system are reviewed, approved, and documented properly.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Acquisition Development & Implementation

In which SDLC phase is user acceptance testing (UAT) conducted?

A. Design. B. Implementation. C. Testing. D. Maintenance.

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Explanation

UAT is conducted during the testing phase to ensure the system meets user needs before deployment.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Acquisition Development & Implementation

What is the main purpose of system testing in the SDLC?

A. To validate user requirements. B. To train users. C. To deploy the system. D. To optimize system performance.

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Explanation

System testing ensures the developed system meets the specified user requirements.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Acquisition Development & Implementation

Which phase of the SDLC involves converting business requirements into detailed system specifications?

A. Planning. B. Analysis. C. Design. D. Implementation.

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Explanation

The design phase translates business requirements into detailed technical specifications.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Acquisition Development & Implementation

What is the primary benefit of using the Agile methodology in software development?

A. Reduced documentation. B. Faster time to market. C. Lower costs. D. Increased security.

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Explanation

Agile's iterative approach allows for quicker releases and faster adaptation to changes.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Acquisition Development & Implementation

In the context of system development, what is a 'prototype'?

A. Final product. B. Preliminary version. C. Detailed documentation. D. User manual.

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Explanation

A prototype is an early model of the system used to gather feedback and refine requirements.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Acquisition Development & Implementation

Which software development methodology emphasizes iterative development and customer feedback?

A. Waterfall. B. Agile. C. Spiral. D. V-Model.

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Explanation

Agile focuses on iterative development with continuous feedback from customers.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Acquisition Development & Implementation

What is the main purpose of a Request for Proposal (RFP) in system acquisition?

A. To evaluate system performance. B. To solicit vendor bids. C. To train users. D. To implement the system.

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Explanation

An RFP is used to solicit detailed bids from vendors for the required system.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Acquisition Development & Implementation

During the requirements gathering phase, which technique is most effective for capturing detailed user needs?

A. Brainstorming. B. Interviews. C. Surveys. D. Prototyping.

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Interviews allow for in-depth understanding of user requirements and expectations.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Acquisition Development & Implementation

Which of the following is a key component of a feasibility study in system acquisition?

A. System testing. B. Vendor negotiation. C. Risk assessment. D. User training.

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Explanation

A feasibility study assesses the viability of a project, including potential risks.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Acquisition Development & Implementation

What is the primary objective of the system acquisition phase in IT projects?

A. Minimize costs. B. Select the best vendor. C. Meet technical specifications. D. Align with business requirements.

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Explanation

The primary objective is to ensure the system meets the business requirements and supports strategic goals.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Governance and Management of Information Technology

In the context of IT governance, what is the significance of 'stakeholder engagement'?

A. Increases IT budget. B. Improves technical training. C. Ensures alignment of IT initiatives with stakeholder needs. D. Enhances software features.

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Explanation

Stakeholder engagement ensures that IT initiatives align with the needs and expectations of stakeholders.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Governance and Management of Information Technology

What is the primary goal of 'change management' in IT governance?

A. Increase technical skills. B. Manage and control changes to IT systems. C. Develop new software. D. Reduce IT costs.

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Explanation

Change management ensures that changes to IT systems are managed and controlled to minimize disruption and risk.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Governance and Management of Information Technology

Which of the following best describes 'IT compliance management'?

A. Developing IT projects. B. Ensuring adherence to policies and regulations. C. Increasing software usage. D. Enhancing technical skills.

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Explanation

IT compliance management involves ensuring that IT practices adhere to internal policies and external regulations.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Governance and Management of Information Technology

What is the role of 'strategic alignment' in IT governance?

A. Ensure technical standards. B. Increase IT spending. C. Align IT initiatives with business strategy. D. Improve user training.

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Explanation

Strategic alignment ensures that IT initiatives support and enhance the overall business strategy.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Governance and Management of Information Technology

Which of the following is a key benefit of 'enterprise architecture' in IT governance?

A. Reduces IT costs. B. Increases technical complexity. C. Aligns IT strategy with business goals. D. Enhances software features.

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Explanation

Enterprise architecture provides a blueprint for aligning IT strategy with business objectives.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Governance and Management of Information Technology

What is the primary objective of 'IT governance audits'?

A. Increase IT budget. B. Assess IT performance. C. Evaluate compliance with governance frameworks. D. Develop new IT projects.

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Explanation

IT governance audits evaluate how well IT practices comply with governance frameworks and standards.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Governance and Management of Information Technology

In the context of IT governance, what is the significance of 'resource management'?

A. Reduces software costs. B. Ensures optimal use of IT resources. C. Increases IT spending. D. Enhances technical skills.

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Explanation

Resource management ensures that IT resources are effectively utilized to achieve business objectives.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Governance and Management of Information Technology

Which of the following best describes the concept of 'IT service management' (ITSM)?

A. Developing software applications. B. Managing IT budgets. C. Designing, delivering, and managing IT services. D. Increasing IT spending.

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Explanation

ITSM involves designing, delivering, and managing IT services to meet business needs.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Governance and Management of Information Technology

What is the purpose of establishing 'key performance indicators' (KPIs) in IT governance?

A. Increase IT spending. B. Measure IT performance. C. Develop new software. D. Improve user training.

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Explanation

KPIs help measure and track the performance of IT activities against strategic objectives.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Governance and Management of Information Technology

Which of the following is a primary responsibility of IT governance?

A. Develop technical skills. B. Enhance user experience. C. Manage IT risks. D. Increase software usage.

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Explanation

Managing IT risks is a critical responsibility of IT governance to protect organizational assets and ensure continuity.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Governance and Management of Information Technology

What is the significance of 'IT portfolio management' in governance?

A. Manage software development. B. Oversee IT security. C. Optimize IT investments. D. Increase technical training.

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Explanation

IT portfolio management involves managing and optimizing the mix of IT investments to align with business goals.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Governance and Management of Information Technology

Which of the following is a key aspect of IT governance in relation to regulatory compliance?

A. Software development. B. IT budgeting. C. Ensuring adherence to laws and regulations. D. Marketing IT services.

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Explanation

IT governance must ensure that IT practices comply with relevant laws and regulations.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Governance and Management of Information Technology

What is the primary role of IT governance frameworks?

A. Develop software applications. B. Define technical standards. C. Provide structure for IT management. D. Increase IT spending.

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Explanation

IT governance frameworks provide a structured approach to managing and governing IT resources.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Governance and Management of Information Technology

In the context of IT governance, what is a 'Service Level Agreement' (SLA)?

A. Contract for software development. B. Agreement on IT budget. C. Document detailing expected service performance. D. Plan for IT disaster recovery.

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Explanation

An SLA defines the expected level of service performance between a service provider and a client.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Governance and Management of Information Technology

What is the significance of 'IT value delivery' in governance?

A. Ensures cost reduction. B. Aligns IT with regulatory requirements. C. Ensures IT contributes to business value. D. Increases IT spending.

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Explanation

IT value delivery ensures that IT investments generate business value and support strategic objectives.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Governance and Management of Information Technology

Which of the following best describes the role of an IT audit?

A. Evaluate IT budget. B. Assess IT project timelines. C. Review IT controls and processes. D. Develop IT strategy.

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Explanation

IT audits evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency of IT controls and processes.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Governance and Management of Information Technology

What is the primary benefit of using a balanced scorecard in IT governance?

A. Reduce IT expenses. B. Improve technical skills. C. Measure and manage IT performance. D. Increase software usage.

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Explanation

A balanced scorecard helps measure and manage IT performance across multiple dimensions.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Governance and Management of Information Technology

In IT governance, what is the importance of establishing clear policies and procedures?

A. Reduces training costs. B. Ensures consistency and compliance. C. Enhances software features. D. Increases user satisfaction.

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Explanation

Clear policies and procedures ensure consistent practices and compliance with regulations and standards.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Governance and Management of Information Technology

What is the main purpose of an IT risk management process?

A. Increase IT spending. B. Identify and mitigate IT risks. C. Develop new IT projects. D. Enhance user experience.

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Explanation

IT risk management aims to identify, assess, and mitigate risks associated with IT operations and projects.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Governance and Management of Information Technology

Which of the following is a primary focus of IT management?

A. Regulatory compliance. B. Developing business strategy. C. Managing IT resources. D. Marketing IT products.

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Explanation

IT management focuses on effectively utilizing and managing IT resources to support organizational goals.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Governance and Management of Information Technology

What is the significance of 'business-IT strategic alignment'?

A. Reduces IT costs. B. Enhances business competitiveness. C. Increases IT technical skills. D. Improves software functionality.

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Explanation

Business-IT strategic alignment ensures that IT initiatives contribute to the competitive advantage of the business.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Governance and Management of Information Technology

Which of the following best describes the concept of 'IT alignment'?

A. IT operations match business processes. B. IT budget matches business budget. C. IT staff match business staff. D. IT systems match business goals.

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Explanation

IT alignment ensures that IT systems and initiatives support and enhance business goals.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Governance and Management of Information Technology

What is the purpose of an IT steering committee?

A. Develop software projects. B. Approve IT budgets. C. Manage IT risks. D. Provide strategic direction for IT.

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Explanation

The IT steering committee provides strategic direction and oversight for IT initiatives.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Governance and Management of Information Technology

Which of the following is a key component of IT governance?

A. Technical training. B. IT budgeting. C. Performance measurement. D. Software development.

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Explanation

Performance measurement is critical in IT governance to ensure IT activities align with business goals.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Governance and Management of Information Technology

What is the role of a Chief Information Officer (CIO) in IT governance?

A. Develop software. B. Oversee IT security. C. Manage IT infrastructure. D. Align IT strategy with business strategy.

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Explanation

The CIO is responsible for aligning IT strategy with the overall business strategy.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Governance and Management of Information Technology

Which framework is widely used for IT governance and management?

A. ITIL. B. COBIT. C. Six Sigma. D. ISO 27001.

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Explanation

COBIT provides a comprehensive framework for IT governance and management, focusing on aligning IT with business objectives.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Governance and Management of Information Technology

What is the primary objective of IT governance?

A. Reduce IT costs. B. Align IT with business goals. C. Improve technical skills. D. Increase software usage.

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Explanation

IT governance aims to ensure that IT supports and enables the achievement of business goals.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Auditing Process

What is the significance of a 'risk-based audit approach' in IS auditing?

A. Ensures audit compliance. B. Focuses on areas with the highest risk. C. Reduces audit scope. D. Simplifies audit procedures.

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Explanation

A risk-based audit approach prioritizes auditing areas with the highest potential risk to ensure efficient use of resources

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Auditing Process

Which of the following is a key consideration when assessing the adequacy of backup procedures during an IS audit?

A. Backup frequency. B. Backup media cost. C. User access to backups. D. Backup software vendor.

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Explanation

Backup frequency is crucial to ensure data can be restored to an acceptable state after a loss or corruption event.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Auditing Process

What is the main focus of 'data integrity' controls in information systems?

A. Ensuring data availability. B. Ensuring data accuracy and consistency. C. Preventing unauthorized access. D. Enhancing system performance.

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Explanation

Data integrity controls ensure that data remains accurate, consistent, and reliable throughout its lifecycle.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Auditing Process

Which of the following best describes 'penetration testing' in an IS audit?

A. Simulating attacks to identify vulnerabilities. B. Reviewing user access logs. C. Testing software functionality. D. Auditing financial transactions.

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Explanation

Penetration testing involves simulating cyber-attacks to uncover security weaknesses.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Auditing Process

What is the primary benefit of 'integrated auditing' in the context of IS audits?

A. Focus on financial data. B. Combined assessment of IT and business processes. C. Reduced audit costs. D. Increased audit frequency.

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Explanation

Integrated auditing provides a holistic view by assessing IT controls alongside business processes.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Auditing Process

During an IS audit, what is the importance of 'evidence reliability'?

A. It determines audit fees. B. It ensures audit efficiency. C. It impacts audit conclusions. D. It improves audit speed.

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Explanation

Reliable evidence supports accurate and credible audit conclusions.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Auditing Process

What is the main goal of an IT audit program?

A. Ensure IT budget compliance. B. Assess IT infrastructure costs. C. Evaluate IT control effectiveness. D. Monitor IT project timelines.

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Explanation

An IT audit program aims to assess the effectiveness of IT controls in mitigating risks.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Auditing Process

Which of the following is a detective control in information systems?

A. Firewalls. B. Encryption. C. Audit logs. D. Password policies.

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Explanation

Detective controls, such as audit logs, identify and document incidents after they occur.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Auditing Process

What is the role of 'audit trails' in information systems auditing?

A. Document changes and transactions. B. Improve system performance. C. Enhance data accuracy. D. Ensure system compatibility.

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Explanation

Audit trails provide a chronological record of system activities, essential for tracking changes and ensuring accountability.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Auditing Process

Which of the following best describes 'continuous auditing'?

A. Annual audit cycles. B. Periodic audits. C. Real-time audit processes. D. Post-implementation reviews.

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Explanation

Continuous auditing involves real-time monitoring and assessment of controls.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Auditing Process

What is a 'control self-assessment' (CSA) in IS auditing?

A. An auditor-led evaluation of controls. B. A management-led review of controls. C. An automated control testing tool. D. A third-party control assessment.

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Explanation

CSA involves management reviewing and assessing their own controls.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Auditing Process

Which phase of the IS audit process involves evaluating the audit findings and making recommendations?

A. Planning. B. Fieldwork. C. Reporting. D. Follow-up.

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Explanation

The reporting phase includes evaluating findings, making recommendations, and communicating results to stakeholders.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Auditing Process

What does 'ITGC' stand for in the context of IS auditing?

A. IT Governance Controls. B. Information Technology General Controls. C. Internal Technology Governance Committee. D. Integrated Technical Governance Controls.

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Explanation

ITGCs are the foundation of the IT control environment, ensuring the proper operation of systems and data integrity.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Auditing Process

During an IS audit, what is the significance of a 'control deficiency'?

A. It indicates a major security breach. B. It shows an area of improvement. C. It signifies compliance with regulations. D. It validates system functionality.

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Explanation

A control deficiency indicates a weakness in the system's control environment.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Auditing Process

Which of the following is an example of a preventive control in information systems?

A. Audit logs. B. Intrusion detection systems. C. Access control mechanisms. D. Post-implementation reviews.

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Explanation

Preventive controls aim to stop errors or fraud before they occur.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Auditing Process

What is the primary purpose of segregation of duties in IT controls?

A. Improve system performance. B. Prevent fraud and errors. C. Ensure data accuracy. D. Reduce operational costs.

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Explanation

Segregation of duties reduces the risk of fraud and errors by dividing responsibilities among different individuals.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Auditing Process

In the context of IS auditing, what does 'CAAT' stand for?

A. Computer-Aided Audit Techniques. B. Comprehensive Audit and Assessment Tools. C. Centralized Audit Analysis Techniques. D. Control and Audit Testing.

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Explanation

CAATs are tools that assist auditors in performing audits using computer software.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Auditing Process

Which technique is used to identify patterns or anomalies in data during an IS audit?

A. Regression analysis. B. Data mining. C. Penetration testing. D. Parallel simulation.

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Explanation

Data mining involves analyzing large datasets to identify patterns or anomalies.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Auditing Process

What is the significance of a 'compensating control' in an IS audit?

A. It replaces a primary control. B. It reduces the need for audits. C. It mitigates the risk of a control weakness. D. It automates processes.

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Explanation

Compensating controls address the risk posed by weaknesses in primary controls.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Auditing Process

Which of the following is a key component of an IS audit's fieldwork phase?

A. Setting objectives. B. Testing controls. C. Preparing the audit report. D. Defining scope.

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Explanation

Fieldwork involves testing and evaluating controls to gather audit evidence.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Auditing Process

What is the main focus of a general controls review in an IS audit?

A. Data accuracy. B. System functionality. C. User access. D. Control environment.

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Explanation

General controls reviews focus on the overall control environment, including policies, procedures, and administrative controls.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Auditing Process

Which type of audit evidence is considered most reliable?

A. Oral testimony. B. Documentary evidence. C. Physical observation. D. Reperformance.

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Explanation

Documentary evidence, such as logs and records, is generally considered more reliable.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Auditing Process

What is the primary purpose of performing a risk assessment in an IS audit?

A. Determine audit fees. B. Identify high-risk areas. C. Ensure compliance. D. Allocate resources.

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Explanation

Risk assessment helps prioritize audit focus on areas with higher risk of control failures.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Auditing Process

Which audit technique involves following a transaction through the entire processing cycle?

A. Parallel testing. B. Walkthrough. C. Compliance testing. D. Substantive testing.

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Explanation

A walkthrough involves following a transaction from initiation to completion to understand the process flow.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Auditing Process

What does the acronym COBIT stand for in the context of IS auditing?

A. Control Objectives for Information and Related Technology. B. Comprehensive Objectives for IT. C. Centralized Operations and Business IT. D. Compliance Objectives for Business and IT.

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Explanation

COBIT provides a framework for IT management and governance.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Auditing Process

Which of the following is the first step in the information systems audit process?

A. Planning. B. Testing controls. C. Reporting. D. Collecting evidence.

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Explanation

Planning involves defining the scope, objectives, and methodology of the audit.

Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT - Information Systems Auditing Process

What is the primary objective of an information systems audit?

A. Detect fraud. B. Improve efficiency. C. Evaluate controls. D. Reduce costs.

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Explanation

The primary objective is to evaluate the adequacy and effectiveness of controls within information systems.