Tamoban Javnoi COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT   -   Operating Systems

When is the "thrashing" condition likely to occur in a system using virtual memory?

Thrashing occurs when a system has insufficient physical memory, causing excessive paging as the operating system continuously swaps data between RAM and disk. This leads to high overhead and severely degrades system performance, as more time is spent on paging rather than executing processes.
Tamoban Javnoi COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT   -   Operating Systems

Why do modern operating systems use preemptive multitasking?

Modern operating systems use preemptive multitasking to enhance user interactivity and system responsiveness. It allows the operating system to interrupt a running process and switch the CPU to another process, ensuring that all processes receive appropriate attention and that the system remains responsive to user inputs.
Tamoban Javnoi COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT   -   Operating Systems

Which memory management scheme allows the physical address space of a process to be non-contiguous?

Paging is a memory management scheme that allows the physical address space of a process to be non-contiguous. It eliminates the need for contiguous allocation of physical memory and thus reduces fragmentation by dividing memory into fixed-sized pages.
Tamoban Javnoi COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT   -   Operating Systems

How to resolve the critical section problem in concurrent programming?

The critical section problem can be resolved using synchronization mechanisms such as semaphores. Semaphores are variables used to control access to common resources by multiple processes in a concurrent system, ensuring that only one process can enter the critical section at a time.
Tamoban Javnoi COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT   -   Operating Systems

What mechanism does an operating system use to handle the execution of multiple processes that require frequent access to the CPU?

Round-robin scheduling is a time-sharing scheduling algorithm used by the operating system to handle the execution of multiple processes. Each process is assigned a fixed time slot (quantum), and processes are cycled through in a circular order, ensuring that all processes get a fair share of CPU time.
Tamoban Javnoi COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT   -   Operating Systems

Where is the Page Table typically stored in a computer system?

The Page Table is typically stored in the main memory (RAM). It is used by the operating system to keep track of the mapping between virtual addresses and physical addresses, facilitating virtual memory management.
Tamoban Javnoi COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT   -   Operating Systems

When does a deadlock occur in a system?

Deadlock occurs when two or more processes are unable to proceed because each is waiting for a resource held by the other. This situation results in a standstill where none of the processes can continue execution.
Tamoban Javnoi COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT   -   Operating Systems

What is the main purpose of a context switch in an operating system?

A context switch occurs when the operating system saves the state of the currently running process and loads the state of another process. This allows the CPU to switch between processes efficiently, enabling multitasking and better utilization of system resources.
Tamoban Javnoi COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT   -   Computer Networks & Security

Why is it important to regularly update software and firmware in network devices?

Regularly updating software and firmware in network devices is essential to fix security vulnerabilities and bugs that could be exploited by attackers. These updates often include patches and fixes to address newly discovered vulnerabilities, reducing the risk of security breaches and data loss.
Tamoban Javnoi COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT   -   Computer Networks & Security

Who is responsible for managing digital certificates in a Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) system?

The Certificate Authority (CA) is responsible for managing digital certificates in a Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) system. It issues, revokes, and manages digital certificates, verifying the identity of entities in a network and ensuring secure communication through encryption.

COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT