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Option B is correct.
A key advantage of a sole trader is that it is easy to set up. A key disadvantage is no one to share the workload.
- A: Sole traders are NOT required to publish financial statements. Complete control is an advantage, not a disadvantage.
- C: Separate legal identity belongs to limited companies.
- D: Unlimited liability is a disadvantage, not an advantage.
Rhesus (Rh) Isoimmunization Prevention is critical in Rh-negative pregnant women:
Sensitizing events requiring Anti-D administration:
- Amniocentesis, CVS, cordocentesis
- Antepartum hemorrhage (APH)
- External cephalic version (ECV)
- Abdominal trauma
- Miscarriage/termination
- Ectopic pregnancy
- Delivery (within 72 hours)
Routine prophylaxis: Anti-D 300 mcg IM at 28 weeks (and some protocols: 28 + 34 weeks).
Dose:
- First trimester sensitizing event: \(250\,\text{IU}\) (50 mcg)
- After 20 weeks / delivery: \(500\,\text{IU}\) (100 mcg) or \(300\,\text{mcg}\) (1500 IU)
The Kleihauer-Betke test estimates fetal-maternal hemorrhage volume to calculate additional Anti-D dose needed:
\[\text{Additional dose} = \frac{\% \text{fetal cells} \times \text{maternal blood volume}}{30} \times 300\,\mu\text{g}\]
Without prophylaxis, risk of sensitization after delivery = 16%. With Anti-D = reduced to <0.1%.
The 1973 Constitution of Pakistan provides for a _________ form of government.
The 1973 Constitution established a federal parliamentary system with the Prime Minister as the head of government.
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