Amna Jilani HISTORY   -   Criminology

____________ coined the term Criminology.

The term "Criminology" was coined by French anthropologist Paul Topinard, not by any of the figures listed.
Amna Jilani HISTORY   -   Criminology

According to Strain theory, ___________ are those individuals who have traditional success goals, but substitute deviant means to achieve them.

Innovators accept the goals of society but use unconventional means to achieve them, as proposed in Robert K. Merton?s Strain Theory.
Amna Jilani HISTORY   -   Criminology

Many of the rules prescribed severe penalties which apply the dictum "An eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth." was related to:

The Code of Hammurabi is one of the oldest deciphered writings of significant length, known for its strict ?eye for an eye? form of justice.
Amna Jilani HISTORY   -   Criminology

Social Disorganization Theory was proposed by:

Social Disorganization Theory was proposed by Clifford Shaw and Henry McKay, explaining crime rates based on neighborhood environmental factors.
Amna Jilani HISTORY   -   Criminology

A philosophy of punishment based on society?s moral outrage or disapproval of a crime is called:

Retribution is a theory of punishment where the penalty is proportionate to the crime, reflecting society?s moral outrage.
Amna Jilani HISTORY   -   Criminology

___________ is called the father of probation.

John Augustus is known as the father of probation, having introduced the concept of probation in the criminal justice system in the mid-19th century.
Amna Jilani HISTORY   -   Criminology

The first specialized correctional institute for youth in the United States was:

The Borstal system was a pioneering approach to the treatment of young offenders, focusing on rehabilitation through education and training.
Amna Jilani HISTORY   -   Criminology

?Parens patriae? is:

Parens patriae is a legal doctrine that grants the state the role of guardian for those unable to care for themselves, especially children.
Amna Jilani HISTORY   -   Criminology

Cesare Beccaria had written a book on ?crime and punishment? in:

Cesare Beccaria's famous work "On Crimes and Punishments" was published in 1764, marking a significant shift in criminal justice philosophy.
Amna Jilani HISTORY   -   Criminology

Children who continue to commit status offenses despite repeated intervention by the family, school, social service, and Law Enforcement Agencies are called:

Chronic status offenders are those who persist in committing status offenses despite interventions from various authorities.

HISTORY