Which of the following capital budgeting techniques takes into account the time value of money?


Company X is considering acquiring Company Y. Synergies from the M&A are expected to arise from combining their sales forces. However, significant integration costs are also anticipated. How should these factors be best considered when evaluating the M&A?


A company with strong future growth prospects unexpectedly announces a significant increase in its dividend payout. According to signaling theory, what might this decision signal to investors?


Company A has a debt-to-equity ratio of 0.5, while Company B has a ratio of 2.0. Which company is likely to have a higher weighted average cost of capital (WACC)?


A company is evaluating a project with a positive NPV (Net Present Value) but significant upfront investment. The project also has the flexibility to be abandoned after year 2 if market conditions worsen. How can this flexibility be best incorporated into the capital budgeting decision?


What is the effect on COGS if the opening inventory is overvalued?