GAT Subject Test (Computer Science)

National Testing Service Pakistan

8 contributor - 0 Folowers




Anna IQ APTITUDE & ABILITY   -   Verbal Reasoning

Many find it strange that her writing is thought to be tortuous; her recent essays, although longer than most of her earlier essays, are extremely_______.

Anmol Qamar

It is tedious right option?

Anna IQ APTITUDE & ABILITY   -   Verbal Reasoning

The author presents the life of Zane Grey with _____ unusual in a biographer: he is not even convinced that Grey was a good writer.

Fani Warraich

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Bashir Farooqi IQ APTITUDE & ABILITY   -   Verbal Reasoning

During their operational lifetimes, the majority of spacecraft currently face minimal risk of collision with space junk, but given the number of new satellites launched each year, the orbital environment is likely to be less ________ in the future.

Bashir Farooqi IQ APTITUDE & ABILITY   -   Verbal Reasoning

Florence Nightingale was ___ in the development of modern medicine, ___ such practices as sanitization of hospital wards and isolation of actively infected patients.

Florence Nightingale was a pioneer in the development of modern medicine. She was an innovator who initiated such practices as sanitization of hospital wards and isolation of actively infected patients. She was not a collaborator who rejected these practices, nor was she a maverick who protested them. She was an individual who saw the need for these practices and worked to implement them. The other choices are incorrect. A collaborator is someone who works with others. Nightingale did not work with others to reject these practices. A maverick is someone who goes against the established order. Nightingale did not go against the established order by protesting these practices. A pioneer is someone who is the first to do something. Nightingale was not the first person to suggest these practices, but she was the first person to successfully implement them. An individualist is someone who does things their own way. Nightingale did not do things her own way by standardizing these practices. She worked with others to standardize them.
Muhammad Tayyab Ikhlas IQ APTITUDE & ABILITY   -   Verbal Reasoning

Linda Greenhouse's articles for the New York Times are an outstanding example of ___, capsulizing prose into a necessarily limited space.

Muhammad Tayyab Ikhlas IQ APTITUDE & ABILITY   -   Verbal Reasoning

Roberto Clement was seen as ___ during his life because of both his selflessness on the baseball field and his humanitarian work in his native Nicaragua

Muhammad Tayyab Ikhlas IQ APTITUDE & ABILITY   -   Verbal Reasoning

His habit of spending more than he earned left him in a state of perpetual------ but he------------hoping to see a more affluent day

Muhammad Tayyab Ikhlas IQ APTITUDE & ABILITY   -   Verbal Reasoning

Known for his commitment to numerous worthy causes, the philanthropist deserved------ for his-----------

Muhammad Tayyab Ikhlas IQ APTITUDE & ABILITY   -   Verbal Reasoning

You should --------this paragraph in order to make your essay more-----

Muhammad Tayyab Ikhlas IQ APTITUDE & ABILITY   -   Verbal Reasoning

A------glance pays-----attention to details

Muhammad Tayyab Ikhlas IQ APTITUDE & ABILITY   -   Verbal Reasoning

Surprisingly enough, it is more difficult to write about the--------than about the---and strange.

The sentence is comparing the difficulty of writing about two different things. The first part of the sentence sets up the contrast by stating that it is more difficult to write about something "surprisingly enough" than something else. The key to understanding the correct answer is to recognize the contrast between the two words in each pair. "Commonplace" refers to things that are ordinary, everyday, or familiar. These are things that are not particularly interesting or unusual. "Exotic" refers to things that are foreign, unusual, or unique. These are things that are out of the ordinary and intriguing because of their distinctiveness. Given this contrast, it makes sense that it would be more difficult to write about something commonplace (which lacks inherent interest or novelty) compared to something exotic (which has a built-in level of intrigue and uniqueness). Therefore, option C is the correct answer because it correctly captures this contrast in difficulty.
Muhammad Tayyab Ikhlas IQ APTITUDE & ABILITY   -   Verbal Reasoning

A-----response is one that is made with----------.

In this sentence, a "speedy" response is described as one made with "alacrity," which means briskness, eagerness, or willingness to respond quickly and with enthusiasm. This choice of words creates a logical and coherent sentence.
Muhammad Tayyab Ikhlas IQ APTITUDE & ABILITY   -   Verbal Reasoning

3. A----is a-------.

In this sentence, a "norm" is described as a "standard." This pairing of words makes sense and creates a coherent sentence. Norms often refer to accepted standards or behaviors within a group or society.
Muhammad Tayyab Ikhlas IQ APTITUDE & ABILITY   -   Verbal Reasoning

It is widely believed that a nuclear war could ____ enough smoke and dust to block out the sun and freeze the earth.

In this context, "billow" means to produce large quantities of smoke and dust, which could have the described catastrophic effects on the environment.
Muhammad Tayyab Ikhlas IQ APTITUDE & ABILITY   -   Verbal Reasoning

Consumption of red meat has ____ because its fat content has become a worrisome and ____ matter.

In this context, "declined" fits with the idea that people are eating less red meat, and "controversial" suggests that there is debate or disagreement about its health implications, particularly related to its fat content
Muhammad Tayyab Ikhlas IQ APTITUDE & ABILITY   -   Verbal Reasoning

It takes ____ character to ____ the extremities of the arctic region.

Muhammad Tayyab Ikhlas IQ APTITUDE & ABILITY   -   Verbal Reasoning

Consumers refused to buy meat products from the company because of rumors that the water supply at the meat processing plant was ______; the rumors, however, were quite ______, with no hard evidence to back them up.

This choice of words creates a coherent sentence where "contaminated" refers to the rumors about the water supply being polluted, and "unsubstantiated" means that there was no concrete evidence to support these rumors
Muhammad Tayyab Ikhlas IQ APTITUDE & ABILITY   -   Verbal Reasoning

Many kinds of harmful viruses are unhindered when passing through different parts of the host organism; indeed, there are few organic substances which such viruses’ cannot______.

Muhammad Tayyab Ikhlas IQ APTITUDE & ABILITY   -   Verbal Reasoning

Their conversation was unsettling, for the gravity of their topic contrasted so oddly with the ______ of their tone

Muhammad Tayyab Ikhlas IQ APTITUDE & ABILITY   -   Verbal Reasoning

Throughout the animal kingdom, ____ bigger than the elephant.

Fani Warraich IQ APTITUDE & ABILITY   -   Verbal Reasoning

Although its publicity has been ___, the film itself is intelligent, well-acted, handsomely produced and altogether ___

Fani Warraich IQ APTITUDE & ABILITY   -   Verbal Reasoning

The Inuit natives of Alaska's North Slope worry that ___ oil exploration might ___their sensitive natural environment.

Fani Warraich IQ APTITUDE & ABILITY   -   Verbal Reasoning

Ants live in colonies based on ___; each member contributes to the good of all by actively working with others in performing necessary tasks.

Sidis IQ APTITUDE & ABILITY   -   Verbal Reasoning

In the given sentence, identify the gerund phrase: "Running marathons in extreme weather conditions requires immense determination and endurance."

A gerund phrase is a phrase consisting of a gerund (a verb form ending in "-ing") and any modifiers or complements. In this sentence, "Running marathons" functions as a gerund phrase because "running" is a gerund acting as the subject of the sentence.
Sidis IQ APTITUDE & ABILITY   -   Verbal Reasoning

Identify the logical fallacy in the following argument: "I've never seen a black swan; therefore, black swans do not exist."

The argument makes a broad generalization based on insufficient evidence. Seeing no black swans personally does not necessarily mean that they do not exist; it's just an insufficient sample size to draw such a conclusion.
Sidis IQ APTITUDE & ABILITY   -   Verbal Reasoning

Choose the word that best completes the analogy: Adorn: Decorate :: _______ : Amass

"Adorn" is a synonym for "decorate." Similarly, "Hoard" is a synonym for "amass" or collect in large quantities.
Sidis IQ APTITUDE & ABILITY   -   Verbal Reasoning

Identify the figure of speech used in the following sentence :"The stars danced playfully in the sky."

Personification is the attribution of human characteristics to non-human entities. In this sentence, the stars are described as "dancing playfully," which is a human characteristic attributed to them.
Sidis IQ APTITUDE & ABILITY   -   Analytical Reasoning

An office building has five floors, numbered one through five. Each floor has a different color carpet: red, blue, green, yellow, and white. The following conditions must be met: i. The red carpet cannot be on the top floor. ii. The blue carpet must be above the green carpet but below the yellow carpet. iii. The white carpet must be on a higher floor than the green carpet but cannot be on the top floor. In which of the following arrangements is the sequence of floors correctly matched with the colors of their respective carpets?

The arrangement follows all the given conditions: red is not on the top floor, blue is above green and below yellow, and white is above green but not on the top floor.
Sidis IQ APTITUDE & ABILITY   -   Analytical Reasoning

In a certain company, there are seven executives: Adam, Ben, Chris, David, Emily, Fiona, and Grace. They are seated in a row of chairs. The following conditions must be met: i. Adam cannot sit next to Chris or Emily. ii. Ben must sit next to David. iii. Fiona cannot sit at either end of the row. Which of the following is a valid arrangement of the executives?

In this arrangement, all the given conditions are met: Adam is not next to Chris or Emily, Ben is next to David, and Fiona is not at either end of the row.
Fani Warraich

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Sidis IQ APTITUDE & ABILITY   -   Analytical Reasoning

Five friends – Alex, Brian, Chris, David, and Eric – are participating in a singing competition. They will perform one after the other. The following conditions must be met: i. Alex cannot perform before David or Eric. ii. Brian must perform before Chris. iii. David cannot be the first or last to perform. In which of the following sequences can the friends perform according to the given conditions?

This sequence satisfies all conditions: Alex does not perform before David or Eric, Brian performs before Chris, and David is neither first nor last.
Sidis IQ APTITUDE & ABILITY   -   Analytical Reasoning

In a chess tournament, there are six players: Alice, Bob, Carol, David, Emily, and Frank. Each player plays exactly once against each of the other players. The following conditions must be met: i. Alice must play against Bob and Emily. ii. Carol cannot play against David or Frank. iii. Emily must play against Alice and David. How many different matches can be played in total?

There are six players, so each player plays against five other players. However, the matches involving Alice, Emily, and Carol are determined by the given conditions, resulting in 12 matches.
Sidis IQ APTITUDE & ABILITY   -   Analytical Reasoning

Five books – A, B, C, D, and E – are placed on a shelf. The following conditions must be met: i. Book A cannot be placed next to book B. ii. Book C must be placed between books B and D. iii. Book E must be placed somewhere to the right of book A. Which of the following represents a valid arrangement of the books on the shelf, from left to right?

In this arrangement, all the given conditions are met: A is not next to B, C is between B and D, and E is to the right of A.
Tamoban Javnoi COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT   -   Web Design & Development

What is the primary purpose of using media queries in responsive web design?

Media queries in CSS are used to apply different styles to a website depending on the characteristics of the user's device, particularly the screen size. This technique is essential for creating responsive web designs that provide an optimal viewing experience across various devices.
Tamoban Javnoi COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT   -   Web Design & Development

When should you use the 'defer' attribute in a script tag in HTML?

The 'defer' attribute in a script tag ensures that the script is executed only after the HTML document has been fully parsed. This is useful for scripts that rely on the complete DOM being available before they run.
Tamoban Javnoi COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT   -   Web Design & Development

Where is the correct location to place the meta charset="UTF-8" tag in an HTML document?

The meta charset="UTF-8" tag should be placed within the head tag of an HTML document. It specifies the character encoding for the HTML document, ensuring that the browser correctly renders the text content.
Tamoban Javnoi COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT   -   Web Design & Development

How to prevent a form from submitting when a required field is empty using HTML5?

In HTML5, adding the 'required' attribute to input fields ensures that the form cannot be submitted if those fields are left empty. The browser will automatically prompt the user to fill in the required fields before allowing submission.
Tamoban Javnoi COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT   -   Web Design & Development

Can you explain which HTTP method is idempotent and should be used for updating a resource in RESTful web services?

The PUT method is idempotent, meaning that multiple identical requests will have the same effect as a single request. It is typically used for updating a resource in RESTful web services, as it replaces the current representation of the target resource with the new data provided in the request.
Tamoban Javnoi COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT   -   Database Management Systems

What is the primary purpose of normalization in database design?

The primary purpose of normalization is to reduce data redundancy and eliminate undesirable characteristics like insertion, update, and deletion anomalies. By organizing data into tables and defining relationships between them, normalization ensures that each piece of data is stored only once.
Tamoban Javnoi COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT   -   Database Management Systems

When is a database said to be in the Third Normal Form (3NF)?

A database is in the Third Normal Form (3NF) if it is in the Second Normal Form (2NF) and all its attributes are functionally dependent only on the primary key, meaning there are no transitive dependencies. This helps to further reduce data redundancy and maintain data integrity.
Tamoban Javnoi COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT   -   Database Management Systems

Where would you typically find the definition of a database schema?

The definition of a database schema, which includes the structure of the tables, fields, and relationships, is stored in the database management system's metadata. This metadata provides a blueprint for how data is organized and accessed within the database.
Tamoban Javnoi COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT   -   Database Management Systems

How to ensure ACID properties are maintained in a transaction?

To ensure ACID (Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability) properties are maintained in a transaction, it is essential to use the transaction management features provided by the database management system. These features ensure that all operations within a transaction are completed successfully and consistently, even in the event of a failure.
Tamoban Javnoi COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT   -   Database Management Systems

Which type of database index is typically used to improve the speed of queries that involve range searches?

B-tree indexes are typically used to improve the speed of queries that involve range searches because they maintain the sorted order of data. This makes it efficient to search for a range of values, as the B-tree structure allows for quick navigation to the starting point of the range and sequential access to the subsequent entries.
Tamoban Javnoi COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT   -   Computer Networks & Security

What is the purpose of a subnet mask in IP networking?

A subnet mask is used to divide an IP address into network and host portions. It determines which part of the IP address represents the network ID and which part represents the host ID, allowing routers to determine the destination network for data forwarding.
Tamoban Javnoi COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT   -   Computer Networks & Security

When should an organization implement two-factor authentication (2FA) for remote access to its network resources?

Two-factor authentication (2FA) should be implemented whenever employees work remotely or access sensitive data to add an extra layer of security beyond just passwords. It helps mitigate the risk of unauthorized access, especially when accessing critical systems from outside the corporate network.
Tamoban Javnoi COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT   -   Computer Networks & Security

Where is the most secure location to place a firewall within a network architecture?

Placing a firewall between the router and the internal network is the most secure location because it allows the firewall to filter both incoming and outgoing traffic, protecting the internal network from external threats while also providing control over outgoing traffic.
Tamoban Javnoi COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT   -   Computer Networks & Security

Who is responsible for managing digital certificates in a Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) system?

The Certificate Authority (CA) is responsible for managing digital certificates in a Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) system. It issues, revokes, and manages digital certificates, verifying the identity of entities in a network and ensuring secure communication through encryption.
Tamoban Javnoi COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT   -   Computer Networks & Security

Why is it important to regularly update software and firmware in network devices?

Regularly updating software and firmware in network devices is essential to fix security vulnerabilities and bugs that could be exploited by attackers. These updates often include patches and fixes to address newly discovered vulnerabilities, reducing the risk of security breaches and data loss.
Tamoban Javnoi COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT   -   Operating Systems

What is the main purpose of a context switch in an operating system?

A context switch occurs when the operating system saves the state of the currently running process and loads the state of another process. This allows the CPU to switch between processes efficiently, enabling multitasking and better utilization of system resources.
Tamoban Javnoi COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT   -   Operating Systems

When does a deadlock occur in a system?

Deadlock occurs when two or more processes are unable to proceed because each is waiting for a resource held by the other. This situation results in a standstill where none of the processes can continue execution.
Tamoban Javnoi COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT   -   Operating Systems

Where is the Page Table typically stored in a computer system?

The Page Table is typically stored in the main memory (RAM). It is used by the operating system to keep track of the mapping between virtual addresses and physical addresses, facilitating virtual memory management.
Tamoban Javnoi COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT   -   Operating Systems

What mechanism does an operating system use to handle the execution of multiple processes that require frequent access to the CPU?

Round-robin scheduling is a time-sharing scheduling algorithm used by the operating system to handle the execution of multiple processes. Each process is assigned a fixed time slot (quantum), and processes are cycled through in a circular order, ensuring that all processes get a fair share of CPU time.
Tamoban Javnoi COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT   -   Operating Systems

How to resolve the critical section problem in concurrent programming?

The critical section problem can be resolved using synchronization mechanisms such as semaphores. Semaphores are variables used to control access to common resources by multiple processes in a concurrent system, ensuring that only one process can enter the critical section at a time.
Tamoban Javnoi COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT   -   Operating Systems

Which memory management scheme allows the physical address space of a process to be non-contiguous?

Paging is a memory management scheme that allows the physical address space of a process to be non-contiguous. It eliminates the need for contiguous allocation of physical memory and thus reduces fragmentation by dividing memory into fixed-sized pages.
Tamoban Javnoi COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT   -   Operating Systems

Why do modern operating systems use preemptive multitasking?

Modern operating systems use preemptive multitasking to enhance user interactivity and system responsiveness. It allows the operating system to interrupt a running process and switch the CPU to another process, ensuring that all processes receive appropriate attention and that the system remains responsive to user inputs.
Tamoban Javnoi COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT   -   Operating Systems

When is the "thrashing" condition likely to occur in a system using virtual memory?

Thrashing occurs when a system has insufficient physical memory, causing excessive paging as the operating system continuously swaps data between RAM and disk. This leads to high overhead and severely degrades system performance, as more time is spent on paging rather than executing processes.
Tamoban Javnoi COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT   -   Data Structures & Algorithms

What is the time complexity of inserting an element into a Binary Search Tree (BST) in the worst case?

In the worst case, a Binary Search Tree (BST) can become a skewed tree (like a linked list), where each node has only one child. In such a scenario, the time complexity of inserting an element becomes O(n), where n is the number of nodes in the tree.
Tamoban Javnoi COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT   -   Data Structures & Algorithms

When does the Dijkstra's algorithm fail to find the shortest path in a graph?

Dijkstra's algorithm fails to find the shortest path if the graph contains negative weight edges. The algorithm assumes that all edge weights are non-negative, and the presence of negative weights can lead to incorrect results and infinite loops.
Tamoban Javnoi COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT   -   Data Structures & Algorithms

Where is a heap data structure typically used?

A heap data structure is typically used to implement a priority queue. Heaps allow for efficient retrieval of the highest (or lowest) priority element and support operations like insertion and deletion in logarithmic time, making them ideal for priority queues.
Tamoban Javnoi COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT   -   Data Structures & Algorithms

Why is the space complexity of a recursive algorithm often higher than its iterative counterpart?

The space complexity of a recursive algorithm is often higher than its iterative counterpart because recursion requires additional stack space to store the state of each function call. Each recursive call adds a new frame to the call stack, which increases the overall space complexity.
Tamoban Javnoi COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT   -   Data Structures & Algorithms

Which data structure is most suitable for implementing an LRU (Least Recently Used) cache?

An LRU (Least Recently Used) cache is most efficiently implemented using a combination of a HashMap and a Doubly Linked List. The HashMap provides O(1) access to cache entries, while the Doubly Linked List maintains the order of usage, allowing for quick updates to the most recently and least recently used elements.
testdeveloper COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT   -   Web Design & Development

What is HTTP Request ?

Its just a simple network protocol to handle the requests
Tamoban Javnoi COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT   -   Data Structures & Algorithms

The time complexity of finding a shortest path in a network is:

A* search is generally more efficient than Dijkstra?s algorithm when spatial heuristics are available, particularly in large networks.
Tamoban Javnoi COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT   -   Data Structures & Algorithms

Which type of algorithms are applicable to scheduling resources in operating systems?

State space search algorithms are commonly used in scheduling and resource allocation problems in operating systems.
Tamoban Javnoi COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT   -   Data Structures & Algorithms

When we attempt to add the eleventh element to a stack with a size of 10, we encounter a circumstance known as:

Adding an element to a full stack causes an overflow error.
Tamoban Javnoi COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT   -   Data Structures & Algorithms

Regarding Binary Trees, which of the following is true?

None of the provided statements are universally true for all binary trees.
Tamoban Javnoi COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT   -   Data Structures & Algorithms

What is the name of a linear collection of data components where the linear node is provided by a pointer?

A linked list is a linear data structure where elements are linked using pointers.
Tamoban Javnoi COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT   -   Data Structures & Algorithms

How much time would it take to add an element to the linked list asymptotically?

Adding an element to a linked list, especially at the beginning or end, typically takes O(1) time asymptotically.
Tamoban Javnoi COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT   -   Database Management Systems

A child entity in ER diagrams is:

In ER diagrams, a child entity inherits attributes and relations from a parent entity, often representing a subclass or specialized entity.
Tamoban Javnoi COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT   -   Database Management Systems

Boyce Codd Normal Form:

Boyce-Codd Normal Form (BCNF) is a higher normal form that ensures every determinant in the database is a candidate key, addressing certain types of anomalies that 3NF does not.
Tamoban Javnoi COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT   -   Database Management Systems

DDL is used to:

Data Definition Language (DDL) is used to define and manage the structure of a database, including creating, altering, and dropping tables and schemas.
Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT   -   Computer Networks & Security

Network traffic estimation is:

Network traffic estimation is complex and typically requires sophisticated models, not simple linear equations or AI alone.
Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT   -   Computer Networks & Security

Which of the following is the most efficient encoding to send data via networks? Also consider the reasoning in your answer.

Binary encoding is efficient for data transmission as it is the most fundamental form of data representation and aligns well with digital systems.
Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT   -   Operating Systems

A computer is in System mode when:

System mode refers to the mode in which the CPU executes operating system code, giving it unrestricted access to hardware resources.
Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT   -   Operating Systems

Which is better, Time slicing or time sharing?

Time slicing is a technique within time-sharing, so they are not directly comparable as one is a subset of the other.
Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT   -   Operating Systems

Which of the following are/is true?

Operating systems still need to consider low-level details and are often built with assembly language components for efficiency.
Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT   -   Data Structures & Algorithms

Which of the following are true about the Weiner filter?

The Wiener filter is a technique for denoising signals that minimizes the mean squared error (quadratic error) between the estimated and true signal.
Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT   -   Web Design & Development

Which of the following statements are true about PHP?

Echo and print are not exactly the same; echo can take multiple parameters, while print only takes one and returns a value (1).
Harlequin Misha COMPUTER SCIENCE & IT   -   Web Design & Development

Php allows dynamic code execution using:

The eval() function in PHP allows for dynamic execution of code passed as a string.

Contributor(8)

Fani Warraich
Anna
Bashir Farooqi
Muhammad Tayyab Ikhlas
Sidis
Tamoban Javnoi
testdeveloper
Harlequin Misha